and the movement of the unit or individual with respect to the radiological hazards were determined. Careful consideration was given to possible or potential contact with contaminated objects. Activities were described in sufficient detail to permit assessment of the dose due to inhalation or ingestion of contaminated material, such as dust, debris, or food. For example, maneuver troops who crawled in radioactive areas, or who conducted helicopter operations in such areas, were afforded extensive analysis of their potential for inhaling radioactive dust that, when metabolized in the body, could have resulted in doses to internal organs over periods of several years. When there was a reasonable possibility that a given activity or set of circumstances could have existed for the unit, the benefit of the doubt was given. Possible variations in the activities, as well as possible and reasonable individual deviations from group activities, with respect to both time and location, were considered in the uncertainty analysis of the radiation dose calculations described in section 7.5. 7.3. FILM BADGE DOSES. Before film badge readings could be used to characterize the radiation dose to a group or to an individual, it was first determined, primarily through analysis of the activities involved, that the badge readings represented the entire period of exposure. If they did not, or there was reason to believe that the badge(s) did not fully represent the entire conditions of exposure, alternative methods, such as statistical assignment or dose reconstruction, were pursued. This was obviously required in cases of exposure to initial radiation where neutrons were emitted from the burst, or in instances where inhalation or ingestion or radioactive particles was an issue. Neither of these types of exposure would have been recorded on a film badge. 7.4 STATISTICAL METHODS OF DOSE DETERMINATION. To use badge readings to estimate the radiation doses to unbadged personnel, a group of participants was first identified that had common activity characteristics and a similar potential for exposure to radiation; that is, individuals must have been doing the same kind of work or activity and all members of the group must have had a common relationship to the radiological environment in terms of time after burst, location, duration of 168