TEAK, and ORANGE, also called Operation NEWSREEL by DOD, were directed to this concern (19: 3). 4.15.2 HARDTACK I Test Operations. The HARDTACK experimental program incorporated two aspects, one being the development of the weapons and the second being the measurement of the explosive and radiation effects. The AEC was primarily interested in weapons development, and the DOD focused on weapons effects, specifically concerning the military application of the weapons (19: 3). Approximately 16,000 DOD personnel took part in HARDTACK I. They par- ticipated in the weapons development experiments by providing cloud-sampling aircraft and crews, along with ship patrols, instrument placement and recovery, and radioactive sample return. Their primary participation, however, was in the effects experiments associated with the underwater and the high-altitude shots (19: 105). 4.15.3 Dose Summary for Operation HARDTACK I. The maximum permissible dose for HARDTACK I personnel was 3.75 rem of gamma radiation per consecutive 13-week period, with a maximum of 5.0 rem for the operation. The crew of air-sampling aircraft were authorized a special limit of 10.0 rem. In case of operational error or emergency, an additional dose of 10.0 rem would be accepted (19: 3,4). During the series, one incident involved the exposure of participants to significantly elevated radiation levels. On 14 May, the base islands of Enewetak and Parry at Enewetak Atoll received fallout from a test shot detonated at Bikini 2 days earlier (19: 4,5). According to current calculations, the period of fallout, which lasted about 60 hours, could have contributed as much as 1.7 rem through 31 May 1958, 2.2 rem through 30 June 1958, and 2.5 rem through 31 July 1958 to personnel on the Enewetak Atoll. 122