CHAPTER If, SECTION 1 FIELD ENGINEERING The Field Engineering Division at the site for this Operation was headed by a Resident Engineer with a staff of assistants. This Division included four departments, functioning parallel to their Home Office counterparts: 1. Office Engineering and Design 2. Estimating, Reports and Analytical Department element involved, approval was then granted Field Engineering to make neededrevisions, provided these revisions were approved by the Users and the Manager, Eniwetok Branch Office. Construction drawings and original cost estimates for projects onginated in the field and not di- rectly related to the scientific program, were Department 3. Test and Inspection Department 4, Survey Department The Jobsite Engineering Division was re- sponsible for furnishing complete local engineering supervision and inspection of construction; making topographic, hydrographic control and construction surveys; preparing designs and approved by the Resident Engineer and the Manager, EBO. Reproducibles of all drawings and revisions to drawings originated in thefield, together with original cost estimates or inform- ation needed to revise current estimates, were sent to the Home Office in order that interested parties could keep abreast of engineering developments, The Field Estimating Department, under policy direction of the Chief Estimator in the Home Office, reported directly to the Resident drawings for projects originated in the field; in- Engineer. Therefore, the discussion of field estimating has been consolidated with that of the Home Office Estimating Department in Chapter Ili Section 3. and testing construction materials; preparing Justification for each item of work and the availability of funds were established through work orders which required both AEC and HEN approval. Cost control was maintained by reviewing monthly accrued costs on all open work terpreting plans and specifications; designing and approving alterations and substitutions due to field conditions; estimating field- approved alterations; inspecting construction for compliance with plans and specifications; inspecting as-built drawings; submitting historical, progress, and damage reports; and for maintaining a complete file of all drawings and other engineering data. All drawings, work orders, and reports were prepared and issued at the Engineering Office, Elmer, where the Resident Engineer and an Assistant Resident Engineer were located. Activities of engineering personnel assigned to Bikini Atoll were coordinated through on Assistant Resident Engineer at Nan. During thecrit- ical stage of construction at Yvonne and Ursula, an Assistant Resident Engineer was stationed at Yvonne to coordinate activities in that area and to expedite engineering services to both Contractor and User personnel. As the work load varied from the interim period through the construction and operational phases, the force varied from a total of 24 individuals to a total of 119. All departments of the Division were effective throughout all phases of the Operation, though some difficulty was experienced due to the shortage of qualified engineering personnel. _ The engineering Order furnished Field Engineering by the Home Office proved effective in maintaining liaison between the twooffices. All field changes in the design of scientific structures or facilities were cleared through the Chief Project Engineer in the HomeOffice until User personnel that were authorized to approve design arrived at Jobsite. Because of the time Page 2-4 orders. For items of work over $10,000 in value cost-estimates-to-complete were prepared at various stages of construction progress in order to reflect the current and projected costs of construction for use in budgetary control. Progress, reported weekly, was based on visual inspection of the various categories of construction, (plumbing, electrical, concrete, etc.). Preparation of as-built drawings was placed under the direction of an Assistant Resident Engineer with a staff of engineers, draftsmen and survey personnel. This organizational set- up made it possible to prepare as-built. drawings shortly after completion of each station. This was important since sites were used for a number of test events and as-built conditions had to be recorded prior to each succeeding event. The original tracings were sent to the field for re- vision, which allowed an original as-built drawing to be madeavailable as early as possible. Representatives of Field Engineering accompanied the reconnaissance parties to all off- atoll sites to gather information necessary for engineering and construction planning. This information included such items as the availability of aggregate for concrete, the approximate number and height of trees that had to be re- moved, beach conditions for landing materials with marine craft, ground height above high tide, and the slope of the beach. A sketch and detailed report for each proposed site was pre- pared and submitted to the Home Office.