Wednesday, May 18, 1960 plies when the individual whole body Goses are known. As an opcrational technique, where the individual whole body doscs arc not known, a suitable sample of the exposed population should be developed whose protection guide for annual whole body dose will be 0.17 rem per capita per year. It is emphasized that this is an oprrational technique which should be modified to mect speelul situations. (2) Considerations of population fe. Metics impose a& pcr capita dose limitation for the gonads of 5 rems in 30 years. The operational mechanism described above for the annual individual whole body dose of 0.5 rem is likely in the immediate future to assure that the goMadal exposure Guide (5 rem in 30 years) is not exceeded. (3) These Guides do not differ substantially from certain other recoramendations such as these made by the National Committce on Radiation Protection and Measurements, the National Academy of Sciences, and the International Commission on Radiological Protection. (4) The term “maximum permissible dose” is used by the National Committee on Radiation Protection (NCRP) and the International Commission on RaGiological Protection (ICRP). However, this term is often misunderstood. The words “maximum” and “permissible” both have unfortunate connocations not intended by either the NCRP or the ICRP. «S) There can be no single permissibie or acceptable level of exposure without regard to the reason for permitting the exposure. It should be general practice to reduce exposure to radiation, and positive effort should be carried oui to filfill the sense of these recommendations. It is basic that exposure io radiation should result from a real determination of its necessity. (6) There can be different Radiation Protection Guides with different numerfcal values, depending upon the circumstances. The Guides herein recommended are appropriate for normal peacetime operations. (7) These Guides are not intended to apply to radiation exposure resulting from natural backeround or the pure poseful exposure of patients by practitioners of the healing arts. (8) It ts recognized that our present - gefentific knowledse docs not provide a firm foundation within a factor of two or three for selection of any parcicular numerical value in preference to another walue, It should be recoznized that the + Radiation Protection Guides recommended in this paper are well below the “| Jevel where biolonical damage has been % Observed in humans. It fs recommended that: 4 Current protection guides used by the agencies be continued on an interim basis Jor organ doses to the population. Recommendations are not made cone eerning the Radiation Protection Guides for individual ornnan doses to the population, other than the ranads. Unfore tunately, the complexities of establishing fuldes applicable to radiation expasure eof all body ornans preclude the Council from making recommendations conccrii- FEDERAL REGISTER ing them at this time. However, current Protection ruides used by the agencies appear appropriate on an interim basis. It is reconuvaended that: §. The term “Radioactivity Concentration Guide” be adopicd for Fudecral use. This term is dcfincd as the concentration of radioactivity in the environement which is determined to result in whole body or orran doscs cqual to the Radiation Protection Guide. Within this definition, Radioactivity Concentration Guitles can be determined after the Iadation Protection Guides are decided upon. Any given Radioactivity Concentration Guide is applicable only for the circumstances under which the use of its corresponding Radiation Protection Guide is appropriate. It is recommended that: 6. The Federa) agencics, as an interim measure, use radioactivity concentration guides which are consistent with the rece ommended Radiation Protection Guides. Where no Radiation Protection Guides are proviced, Federal agencies continue present practices. No specific numerical recommendations for Radioactivity Concentration. Guides are provided at this time. Howe ever, concentration guides now used by the agencies appear appropriate on an ipterim basis. Where appropriate radio~ activity concentration guides are not available, and where Radiation Protection Guides for specific organs are pro~ vided herein, the latter Guides can be used by the Federa) agencies as a start~ ing point for the derivation of radioactivity concentration guides applicable to their particular problems. The Federal Radiation Council has also initiated action directed towards the development of additional Guides for radiation Protection. i' ¢s recommended that: 7. The Federal agencies apply these Radiation Protection Guides with judgement and discretion, to assure that rea- sonable probability is achieved in the attainment of the desired goaj of protecting man from the undesirable effects of radiation. The Guides may be exceeded only after the Federal agency having jurisdiction over the matter has carefully considered the reason for doing so in light of the recommendations in this Paper. The Radiation Protection Guides provide a gencral framework for the radiation protection requirements. It is expected that each Fedcral azency, by virtue of its immediate knowledze of its operating problems, will use these Guides as a basis upon which to develop detailed standardstailored to mect ifs particular requirements. The Council will follow the activities of the Federal asencics in this aren and will promote the necessary coordination to achieve an eficctive Federal program, 7f the foregoing recommendations are approved by you for the ruidance of Federal agencics in the conduct of their radiation protection activitios, it is fur- ther recommended that this memorandum be published in the FeperaL REGISTER. Armour S. Freamine, Chairman, Fedcral Radiation Council, 430 The recommendations numbered “! throurh “7” contained in the abl: memorandum are approved for 1. Guidance of Federal agencies, anc 1 memorandum shall be published in 1. FEDERAL REGISTER. Dwicur D. ExsexnHowrn May 13, 1960. (PR, Doc, @0-4539; Filed, May 17, 19° 8:61 am.)