suitable for certain plant growth. During the testing period from 1946 through 1958 Bikini Atoll was the site of 23 nuclear detonations, which contaminated the islands of the atoll with radioactive fall out, including the transuranium elements. Plutonium and americium measurements of surface soil samples collected on 6 of the 26 islands of the atoll show that sup(239,240)Pu values vary from 0.5 to 360 pCi/g and /sup 241/Am values from 1.2 to 45 pCi/g. The vertical distribution of plutonium in soil varies from area to area. Although about 98% of the plutonium is retained in the top 25 cm in one core profile, the remaining 2% is detectable as deep as 100 cm. The suspension arid resuspension of plutonium and plutonium-bearing particles by rainwater (150 to-175 cm/a) seems to be the principal mode of plutonium transport in the soil. Plutonium is found associated with the algal crust of the atoll soils. The present concentrations of sup(239,240)Pu and their distribution at Bikini are not likely to change significantly, whereas /sup 241/Am concentrations will increase by /sup 241/Pu decay and will approach a maximum value in about 50 years.; Major Descriptors: *AMERICIUM 241 -- RADIATION MONITORING; *BIKINI -- CONTAMINATION; *PLUTONIUM 239 ~- RADIATION MONITORING; *PLUTONIUM 240 -- RADIATION MONITORING; *SOILS -- RADIONUCLIDE MIGRATION Descriptors: STRONTIUM 90 Broader Terms: ACTINIDE ISOTOPES; ACTINIDE NUCLEI; ALKALINE EARTH ISOTOPES; ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; AMERICIUM ISOTOPES; BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES 7; BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT; EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI; EVEN-ODD NUCLEI; HEAVY NUCLEI; INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI; ISLANDS; ISOTOPES; MARSHALL ISLANDS; MASS TRANSFER; MONITORING; NUCLEI; ODD-EVEN NUCLEI; PLUTONIUM ISOTOPES; RADIOISOTOPES; STRONTIUM ISOTOPES; YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES Subject Categories: 510301* -- Environment, Terrestrial -- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport -- Soil -- (-1987) INIS Subject Categories: B31* -- Land 10/5/9966 (Item 666 from file: 103) 00309693 AIX-08-337631; EDB-77-148144 Title: Types and effects of radiation coming from nuclear weapons Author(s): Messerschmidt, O. (Laboratorium fuer Experimentelle Radiologie, Neuherberg/Muenchen (Germany, F.R.)); Marx, R. (ed.) (Muenchen Univ. (Germany, F.R.). 1. Medizinische Klinik); Thies, H.A. (ed.) (Staedtische Krankenanstalten Heilbronn (Germany, F.R.). Chirurgische Klinik) Title: Strahlen, Blutgerinnung und Haemostase. XVI. Hamberger Symposium Subfile: Germany, AIX (non-US Atomindex input). F.R. - 20080649 ueber Blutgerinnung Publisher: Schattauer, Stuttgart, Publication Date: 1974 Pp 9-27 Document Type: Analytic of a Book Language: German Journal Announcement: EDB7710 Country of Origin: Germany, Federal Republic of Country of Publication: Germany, Federal Republic of Abstract: The article shows which effects can be expected from an atomic explosion, such as neutron and gamma rays, pressure surge, thermal radiation and at which KT-values and at which distance from the centre influence the individual noxious substances is most pronounced. Combined effects and delayed effects are discussed. The results of the Numerous studies on the effects of the A-bomb dropping on Hiroshima and Nagazaki are shown. Results of animal experiments are used for explanation. Furthermore, the effect of radioactive fallout is described. As an example, the author points out the Marshall islands on which radioactive fallout was noticed after a nuclear weapon test by the Americans.; Major Descriptors: *A-BOMB SURVIVORS -- DELAYED RADIATION EFFECTS; *NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS -- FALLOUT Descriptors: EPIDEMIOLOGY; MAN; MARSHALL ISLANDS; RADIATION INJURIES FISSION PRODUCTS; HIROSHIMA; HUMAN POPULATIONS; NAGASAKI; NUCLEAR WEAPONS; RADIATION BURNS;