Language: English Journal Announcement: EDB7712 Subfile: ERA (Energy Research Abstracts); AIX (non-US Atomindex input). Country of Origin: United States Country of Publication: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Abstract: In 1974 a groundwater program was initiated at Enewetak: Atoll to study systematically the hydrology and the groundwater geochemistry on selected islands of the Atoll. The program provides chemical and radiochemical data for assessment of water quality on those islands designated for rehabilitation. These and other data are used to interpret the mechanisms by which radionuclides are cycled in the soil-groundwater system. Because of the international concern over long-term buildup, availability, and transport of plutonium in the environment, this program emphasizes analysis of the element. The results of the study show that on all islands sampled, small quantities of plutonium radionuclides have migrated through the soil columns and are redistributed throughout the groundwater reservoirs. The observed Maximum surface concentrations are less than 0.02% of the maximum recommended concentration for drinking water. Concentrations of /sup 137/Cs are found to correlate with water freshness, but those of sup (239,240)Pu show no such relationship. The mechanisms moving sup (239,240)Pu through the groundwater reservoirs are independent of the processes controlling the cycling of /sup 137/Cs and fresh water. A reasonable linear correlation is found between mean surface-water concentrations and soil burdens. The quantities of sup(239,240)Pu migrating to the groundwater surface layers do not correlate with any other known differences in the physical, chemical or biological characteristics of the islands.; Major Descriptors: *GROUND WATER -- GEOCHEMISTRY; *GROUND WATER -RADIONUCLIDE MIGRATION; *PLUTONIUM 239 -- RADIATION MONITORING; *PLUTONIUM 240 -- RADIATION MONITORING Descriptors: CESIUM 137; CONTAMINATION; ENIWETOK; SOILS Broader Terms: ACTINIDE ISOTOPES; ACTINIDE NUCLEI; ALKALI METAL ISOTOPES; ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; CESIUM ISOTOPES; CHEMISTRY; ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT; EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI; EVEN-ODD NUCLEI; HEAVY NUCLEI; HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS; ISLANDS; ISOTOPES; MARSHALL ISLANDS; MASS TRANSFER; MONITORING; NUCLEI; ODD-EVEN NUCLEI; OXYGEN COMPOUNDS; PLUTONIUM ISOTOPES; RADIOISOTOPES; WATER; YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES Subject Categories: 520301* -- Environment, Aquatic -- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport -- Water -- 580400 -- Geochemistry -- (-1989) INIS Subject Categories: B32* -- Water (1987) 10/5/965 (Item 665 from file: 103) 00322326 AIX-08-332321; EDB-78-010953 Title: Plutonium and americium in soils of Bikini Atoll Author(s): Nevissi, A.; Schell, W.R.; Nelson, V.A. (Washington Univ., Seattle (USA). Coll. of Fisheries; Washington Univ., Seattle (USA). Lab. of Radiation Ecology) Title: Transuranium nuclides in the environment Conference Title: Symposium on transuranium nuclides in the environment Conference Location: San Francisco, Calif., USA Conference Date: 17 - 21 Country of Origin: United States IOGUOb8 Nov 1975 Publisher: IAEA, Vienna Publication Date: 1976 p 691-700 Document Type: Analytic of a Book; Conference literature Language: English Journal Announcement: EDB7712 Subfile: AIX (non-US Atomindex input). Country of Publication: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Abstract: A study has been made to determine the concentrations of plutonium and americium in surface soils and in soil profiles on Bikini Atoll. The soils consist of calcareous materials and a thin layer of organic matter, which has produced a shallow, organically rich horizon