86 Figure A-2. Affected Guettarda speciosa with normal appearingScaevola sericea. ‘ normal green color. Ground surveys revealed that Scaevola sericea was common and normalin appearance. Manyof the Guettarda speciosa appeared the tree. Several trees had dry and shriveled fronds, and 6 had deformed bulges4 to 8 ft below the crown with apparently normal growth or nearly all the leaves were gone from the termi- Photographs of the affected vegetation were examined by Dr. Fosberg, and hestated that the changesweresimilar to those he had previously reported. It is not possible to evaluate the cause of the changes from the present observations. More extensive and detailed botanical and ecological surveys will be necessary, both on the islands that to be in poor condition (Figure A-2). In some, all nal 1 to 12 in. of the branches, and other leaves were yellowed and shriveled. In other Guettarda, nearly all the leaves were gone, and the bushes appeared completely dead. More than 50% of the Guettarda were affected in whole or part. In one area of Naen several hundred yards inland from the ocean beach, there was a field of ~30 Guet- tarda, all of which were dead. Some young Pisonia grandis were seen which appeared to be in good condition. Mature Pisonia were seen which were partially defoliated, but these did not appear to be greatly different from those seen on RongelapIslet on the southeast corner of Rongelap Atoll. None of the mistletoe-like clumps described by Fosberg seen with nearly complete defoliation, which ap- trees within a radius of 300 yards, which were REFERENCES peared dead. A small grove of coconuttrees near the center of Naen Islet contained 4 to 5 dead decapitated at heights 5 to 12 ft above the ground with no evidence of axe or machete marks. Two 2- headed coconut trees were seen, one with fronds that were mostly brown and appeared dead grow- ~ 3 £# oF ing from the trunk 2 ft belowthe true crownof cS received radiation and on those that did not, to determine whether the changes seen bear any relation to fallout. In particular, it should be noted that these observations were made during the dry season. Weareindebted to Professor Frank Richardson of the University of Washington for identifying the plants, and to Commander W.Lyons, USN, for his assistance in taking the photographs. were Observed. Several Ochrosia oppositifolia were eH abovethe bulges. 1. Fossera, F.R., Nature 183, 1448 (1959). 2. FosBera, F.R., Atoll Research Bulletin 61, 1-11 (1959). 3. CoNaRD, R.A. ET AL., Medical Survey of Rongelap People, March 1958, Four Years After Exposure to Fallout, BNL 534 (T-135).