UNCLASSIFIED ° This document consists of 3} pages. ka Copy’ Si. of 160 eyptea. HEADQUSAIYRS JOINT TASK FORCE SEVEN Washington 25, D. Ce APPFXNDIX 1 TO ANNEX J, TO FIELD ORDER KO. 2, 14 NOV SER 1LYL7 “ZAROS RESULTING FROM ATOMIC ROMR EXPLOSIONS 1. NATURE OF HALARIS ae When an atomic bomb explosion occurs, tremendous quantities of energy in a wariety of forms are released. directions. bd. This energy is propagated outwani in all , When fission occurs, the iumediate reaction is tntense omissicn of ultra-violet visible and infra-red (heat) radiation, gamma rays, and neutrons. This is accompanied by the formation of a large ball of fire. The largest part of the energy froa the explesion ts emitted as a shock wave. The ball of fire produces a aushroca-shaped mass of hot gases, the top of whtch rises to about 10,000 feet in the first minute and about 30,000 feet in five atnutes, In the trail telow the mushroom cap ts left a thin column, The cloud and column sre then carried downwind, the direction and speed being determined by the direction and speed of the wind at the various levels of air Crom the surface to 50,00 fect altitude, shere the top probably flattens out. Ce Casualties may be produced by blast, heat, light, ultra-violet radia- tion, gama rays, neutrons, radioactive fission products which emt beta and enma rediation, and unfissicne} natertal which emits alpha particles, ds The heat flash Crom the explosion will cause ours. Fven thin clothing provides soe pretection against this form of flesh burn. charred on the surface within one-half mile. e@. Word is Fires may be started, The light is so intense that the retina of the eye aay be seriously damaged by this influence alonu. violet radiation. The skin may te "sunburned" by the ultra- Reflections from the water may intensify the heat and ultra-violet light radiation effects. f. The blast is similar to that of most oxplostons but of much greater duration, intensity, and extent. ee) 7 Peqreeg. I7