39 for all age groups. a relatively Tow figure compared with that for Japanese and American socicues. Thyroid Metabolism Table 24 shows results of protein bound iodine, total iodine, and butanol extractable iodine deter- minations. The 12 samples obtained in 1959 showed values definitely lower than the 1958 values, although several readings were still somewhat high. It was thought that the high [958 levels must have been due to contaminated glassware in spite of the great care taken to maintain strict cleanliness. Glucosuria On routine urine analysis during the 1959 survey one male andfour females(ail in the unexposed group) were found to have glucosuria; all but one of these also had an elevated fasting blood sugar level* (see Fable 25). These individuals were considered to have mild diabetes mellitus. Later during the year one of these cases ( #854, F, *We are grateful to Dr WW Fesnel at Kwajalein for having the blood sugar analyzed. age 54) died of a genitourinary infection complicating diabetes even though she (along with the other cases) had been placed on oral therapy with Orinase {tolbutamid tablets). (It was later found that these patients did not take the tablets consistenily.) Table 26 compares the mortality from diabetes inthe United States“! and the Marshall Islands. The incidence appears higher tn the Marshall Islands and on Rongelap Island (based on its small population}. It should be noted that, since only routine urine examinations were done on the Rongelap people, the incidence of diabetes may actually be higher. The greater incidence of deaths due to diabetes in the Marshall Islands than in the United States in 1956 and 1957°7 is staustically significant (0.0 f > p >U.001). Serum Vitamin 8 ,, Analysis of the 15 serum samples obtained in 1959 again showed, as in 1958, vitamin B,. levels slightly higher than normal. The mean value was 714 pug/mi, with a range of SI2 to 1500. A seatter- gram oflevels for both years was plotted against white blood count, since it has been shown that in leukemia the white cells have a higher B,. binding Table 23 Results of Complement Fixation Tests on Rongelap People, 1959, by Age and Sex (Positive Reactions of Seruin Dihations 1-10) HA 1 HA 2 Long (Respiratory CA No.in FluA Flu B (Parainfluenza 3) (Parainfluenza i) (Parainfuenza 2) syncitual, CCA) Adeno Mumps ‘cr, age eS a group No. % No. “% No. % No. % Nu. ‘% No. ‘fh No % No % LGV (Psittacosis group) No OF (Q fever) “% No. % 6 2 12 5 1 5 Females 0 1? ‘4 4+ 61 20 3 47 [6 BO + 17 9 200672 38 19 8 13 16 26 43 «(35 79 70 14 #2 30 26 4 i4 b 2 3 2 | 3 1 0 6 i 33 16 2 i2 ] 10 67 =650 6 2 3 13 43 0 66 8 #3 5 8 5 8 10 b + 6 3 34 249 29 i il it 9 109 Y252 3 353 5 14 29 l 1 3 8 5 18 lt 8 6 15 29 32.0CU6S OS 16 5 10 ] 2 4 41 Js? 72 16 I+ 10 9 a 3 5 58 1 2 8 Males i- 9 b-13 pn 40 HW L2 21 17 1 4 6 otal 31 alab Tb? 8 19 35 2 8 12 17 38 71 i] 18 14 92 86 §2 I} 22022 43 45 B+ 0 19 17 $4 Bb 77 0 Females Plas Males 38 5 Y BEST AVAILABLE COP ort

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