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CHAPTER
1
INTRODUCTION
1,1
OBJECTIVES
The general objective of the project was to estimate, from analytical
data on cloud samples, the relative distribution of certain radionuclides
between the local and world-wide fallout formed by megaton-range detonations on Jand and water surfaces, with particular emphasis on the distribution of
Sr°° and Cs?37 between local and world-wide fatiout.
Specific objectives were to: (1) obtain airborne particle and gas samples
by rocket and aircraft sampling techniques; (2) determine the distribution of
radionuclides between two groups of particles which differed from one another
in their falling rates in air and which could be considered representative of
local and world wide fallout; (3) attempt to determine an early-time distribution of radionuclides and pzrticles between the upper and lower halves of
the cloud and radially cutward from the cloud exis; (4) estimate the extent
of seperation of fallout from gaszous fission products by fission determinations on gas end particle cempies collected coircidentclly rear the top of
the cloud at vzrious times following the shots,
1,2
BACKGROUND AND THEORY
Deta on the geographical distribution of fzllout are particularly necded
to assess the global bazards assozizted with the testing of nuclear weapons,