planned to fire fourteen shots to test new weapon designs and to find
ways to reduce fallout from all weapons.

Under the new criteria for

testing on the continent, nine of the shots had yields of less than ten
kilotons and were fired from towers 400 to 500 feet high.

Over eight

thousand military personnel participated in the series although troop
maneuvers were held at only two shots.

The Ammy retained sole responsi-

“bility for the radiological safety of the troops for Teapot and all
other continental series.

The Commission had put far more resources

into off-site monitoring but assigned sole responsibility fer the
monitoring to the Public Health Service which had established fixed

stations in small communities around the test site. The Public Health
Service, henceforth, conducted most off-site monitoring and transformed

the perception of fallout radiation from a problem in industrial safety

to that of a general hazard to the public as a whole.*>
As testing accelerated, more people became concerned about the
health hazards of fallout.

Consequently fallout became a national issue

with scientists and laymen concerned about both the somatic ane genetic
effects of fallout radiation.

In response to the Commission's weapon

effects statement the Federation of American Scientists proposed that a

United Nations" commission assess the hazards of testing.

At the

Commission's request the’ National Academy of Sciences also launched a
radiation study.

Simltaneously in 1955 the Joint Committee on Atcmic

Energy and the Senate armed Services Committee held hearings on problems

related to the hazards of fallout.°°
The

Commission

responded by

.
authorizing

release scientific data about fallout.

Commissioner

Litby

to

On June 3, 1955, Libby ascressed

the alumi of the University of Chicago and assured them that fallout

17

ri
’.

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