the estimates of the whole-body doses of radiation received from both external and internal sources. In summary,it is clear that the Marshallese initially were exposed to radiation from the detonationvia all three of the major exposure routes, i.e., externally from sources of penetrating radiation and contamination, and from internally deposited radionuclides. 4.2.3 Potential for Protracted Exposures The populations evacuated from Utirik and Rongerik were returned to their homes in 1954 and 1957, respectively. These groups may have received additional doses of radiation from exposureto residual activity on the atolls, and ingestion of contaminated food and water. The evacuees from Rongelap also were repatriated in 1957. However, in 1985 they were re-evacuated to Kwajalein where theyare still living. This re-evacuation was prompted in part by the Marshallese’ concern about residual activity on Rongelap. 43 The Exposed Population According to early reports of the incident, the four groups considered to have been exposed comprised a total of 267 people. Of these, 28 were U.S. servicemen stationed on Rongerik, the remainder (239) were inhabitants of the Marshall Islands who were located as shown on Table1. 17