! 10 at Rongelap Village and also at Utirik Village Procedures while carrying out the examinations on these islands. PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONS 1964 SURVEY (10 YEARS POST EXPOSURE) Since both the 1953 and 1964 surveys were similar in scope and procedures, they will be de- The 1964 survey did not include Utirik, since these islanders are examined only every 3 to 4 vears in view of the small exposure they sustained from the fallout. Examinations were carried out as in 1963 at Rongelap, Ebeye, and Majuro, the ma- jority being done at Rongelap. Table 2 shows the distribution of Rongelap people on the various atolls. Examinations were conducted on 70 of the exposed Rongelap people, the 43 children of exposed parents, and 208 of the adults and children of the comparison population. The survey team consisted of 8 physicians and technicians from the United States and 8 from the Trust Territory (see Figure 2). The Trust Territory ships M/V Rogue and M, V Ran Aam both aided in transporting the team and equipment to and from RongelapAtoil. The team lived at Rongelap Village for the examinanions on that island. scribed together. Histories were taken by a Marshallese practitioner with particular emphasis on the interval history during the past year. During the 1964 survey Mr. Byron Bender, anthropologist from the Trust Territory, accompanied the medical team and carried out exhaustive studies on the genealogical background of the Rongelap. people. These data are not published in this report, but are available to those interested. The pediatrician on the 1963 survey (W.W/S.) carried out further interviews with the Rangelap people in order to establish more closely the ages of some of the children, which were questionable. Complete physical examinations on both children and adults were carried out in both years. In addition, anthropometric measurements were done on adults > 19 years of age in order to determine certain ethnic characteristics of the Mar- Figure 3 shallese. During the 1963 examination extensive anthropometric measurements were also carried out on the children as part of the growth and development studies, and radiographs of their wrists were taken for the same studies. In [963 an opathalmologist carried out complete ophthalmological examinations including slit-lamp observations. Cancer detection, emphasized during examina- ae tions for both years, included an evaluation of the history, special physical examinations, and certain laboratorytests.“ The family history did not yield sausfactory information, since the incidence of familial diseases including cancer was generally unknown by the people. The history yielded some information on changes in weaght, historyof ellness, and, in the case of women, menstrual, obstetric, and nursing history. In the physical examination particular emphasis was piaced on examination of the skin, node-bearing areas, head and neck. chest, breast, abdomen, and external genitalia. Pelvic examinations were carried out on ail mature females. and vaginal and cervical smears for Papanicolaou examinauons were obtained.** Rec-_ Figure 4 Marshallese man carrving a sack of copra. Copra i the main product in the economy of the Islands. “Dr £ Schackow and HL Atkins of Brookhaven National Laboratory interpected the x-ras Ries. **We wish to thane Dr Genevieve Bader of Memoria! Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York. NY . for interpretation of the Papanicolaou umeary. gureo Aged