Rad Safe surveys and Project 2.5a surveys. Comparison3 of these valuee
were done by converting all measurements to mr/hr at 0 + 4 days after the
detonations. This period was selected because these island survey measurements were felt to be more valid than at earlier times when the
majority of the survey readings were obtained by helicopter at verious
heights above the surface. Conversion of all measurements to 0 + 4 days
was meade by usine the composite gamma field decay curve in Fig. 5.1.
Although this decay curve was constructed from both theoretical and experimental eveluation of Shot 1 deta, its use in reducing deta from

Shots 2,3,4, and 5 does not introduce arpreciable error as is shown by

& comparison of the experimental anc theoretical decay curves for these
shots.12/ It does introduce some error into the Shot 4 celculetions hecause of the significantly different capture to fission ratios existing

for Shot 6.

The ratio of actual gamma fields to measured activity found in
the totel collectors located on the atoll islands was not a constant
for the many islands evaluated. Figure 4.1, a plot of field readings

to readings as determined from the total collectors, was constructed

by considering all data that were available; this included

msasure-

ments from Shots 1,3,4, and 6, A curve was fitted to the data which
indicated a 1 to 1 ratio at high levels of activity and a 10 to 1 ratio

where the total collector measurements were of low intensity. This curve
was extrapolated at total collector levels below 1.0 mr/hr with a constant
slope inilicating a 10 to 1 ratio between field survey moasurements and

total collector measurements. Since this variable ratio was found to be
independent of the shot detonated, it is reasonable to believe that the
explanation for the variance is inherent in the characteristics of the
collecting instrument.

The fallout in areas of high residual gamma activity were those

where the larger particles predominated.

These particles with cozipara-

tively high rates of fall apnarently do not tend to follow the streanlines about the collector. This tendency may explain the higher collect-

ing efficiency resulting in those areas of high residual gamma fields.
The fact that the ratio of gamma field measurements +o panma measurements
from the total collector approaches 1 in the areas of high gamme activity
is fortuitously coincidental.
The activity collected in the total collectors emnloyed et the
lagoon stations was converted to equivalent infinite field values by
using the curve in Fig. 4.1.

All data were then converted to r/hr et 1 hr using the composite

gamma decay curve in Fig. 5.3.

A similar evaluation of the gummed paper collectors was made.

The curve in Fig. 4.2 was constructed using data from Shots 1, 3, and 6

to determine the ratio of gamma infinite field measurements made with
survey inst~ments to those made on the gummed papers with the 47 gamma
donization chamber. A constant ratio of 2 to 1 was determined for this
collecting device, The gummed paper measurements from lagoon and free-floating sea
stations were then corrected to infinite field values at © # 4 days by
use of Fig. 4.2 and then converted to r/hr at 1 hr using the composite

gamma decay curve in Fig. 5.3.

aan, DO

47

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