TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE I. INTRODUCTION Il. SAFETY PROBLEMS CONCERNED WITH PLUTONIUM PROCESSING Til. PLUTONIUM OPERATIONS CAUSING HEAVY EXPOSURES A. Recovery Operation B. Purification Operation C. Filuorination Operation D. Reduction Operation Iv. EXPOSURE OF THE SUBJECTS 10 Vv. CLINICAL, LABORATORY, AND RADIOACTIVITY OBSERVATIONS 12 A. Medical Observations 12 B. Piutonium Body Burdens as Determined by Urine Assay 13 C. Determination of Plutonium in the Body by In Vivo Measurements 15 D. Chromosome Analysis 18 E. Cytology of Exfoliated Bronchial Cells 19 VI. CONCLUDING REMARKS 19 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 19 REFERENCES 20 APPENDIX A -— DECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES AND RESPIRATORS USED AT LASL IN 1944 22 APPENDIX B -- URINE ASSAY METHOD AND ESTIMATION OF BODY BURDEN 24 APPENDIX C -- MEDICAL FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENT NO. 2 29 APPENDIX D -- RADIATION DETECTION EQUIPMENT FOR IN VIVO MEASUREMENT OF PLUTONIUM 31 ii