Relative Bias

For ¢ither wind system, relative bias may be defined by two bias para-

meters, bias direction and bias ratio.

Bias direction describes the orien-

tation of the collection geometry and is the angle measured clockwise from

the reference direction (bow or true north) to the minimum-maximum axis of

the collection geometry or pattern. Bias ratio is a measure of the magnitude
of relative bias and is defined as the ratio of the maximum to the minimum
value of the collection curve which represent the variation of collection
around the platform. The bias direction of a s.w. system is merely the wind
direction and this fact serves as a criterion in the orientation of s.w.
collection pattern or curve. For this system the bias ratio increases with
increasing wind speed and decreases with increasing particle size and density.
in the mw. system, wind velocities and the relative amount of fallout associ-

ated with each wind velocity must also be taken into account in the variation
of bias direction and bias ratio.

xt is recognized that particle shape is another variable to be considered
not only because of the aerodynamic effects but it also may be an indication
of different particle types with intrinsic differences in the concentrations
of radionuclides in the particles.> However to maintain simplicity in diseussion of certain basic bias relationships, this variable is not included
in this study.
The obje:tiove of relative bias analysis is the detezmination of the
eollerzticn curve* from which the describing bias parameters and a significant
mean platform value may then be derived. As will be shown, the number of
sample values per plstform were insufficient to adequately describe the collection curve; hence, interpolation has been used extensively. To aid in
thie inter;lstion, the results of an air flow study have been used in conjunction with the actual collection data tc establish the important characteristics of relative bias.
Air Fiow Studies
To investigate the air fiow characteristics above the standard platform

in @ given wind, wind tunne!. model studies, as well as smoke and wool tuft

*It is to be noted that the intrinsic efficiencies of the collectors are not

known and therefore sample values may not represent absalute amounts deposited;
nevertheless the values do indicate relative bias since collectors of identical

efficiencies were employed.

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