7.6 CERTIFICATION
7.6.1 Introduction

This section was originally intended to be a Chapter containing the island-by-island certificates of
radiological condition prepared by DOE at the end of cleanup. However, the requirement that DOE
provide DNA with island certificates at the completion of cleanup prompted early distribution of

these documents (Enewetak Radiological Support Project, Island Certifications, March, 1980
reproduced in the microfiche). Rather than reproduce all 43 certificates (totalling 92 pages) only

two have been included here to illustrate the two general formats utilized.
certificates was made to concerned offices of participating agencies.

Distribution of the

All of the information contained in the individual certification documents is incorporated in this

report. The characterizations by island maximum and average concentrations of transuranies appear
in Tables 7-3 and 7-5. Statements about special considerations summarize materials presented in
Chapters 6 and 7 and appearonly for islands Irene, Janet, Sally, Ursula and Yvonne. The certificates
for islands Belle, with no special considerations, and Sally, with special considerations, are
reproduced in Figures 7-112 and 7-113.
7.6.2 Post Certification Actions
The rehabilitation phase of the Enewetak Cleanup Project was begun in June 1978, and conducted
concurrently over the last 2] months of cleanup. With completion of debris cleanup and island
characterization in the summer of 1979, rehabilitation effort was stepped up and directed toward

planting of coconut seedlings on selected islands in the northeast segment of the atoll. By 15 March
1980, planting of 10,690 seedlings was completed on the northeast islands of Olive, Pearl, Sally,

Tilda, Ursula, and Vera. (Coconut seedlings and cuttings of breadfruit and pandanus were planted on

southern islands Bruce, David, Elmer and Fred; however, these islands were of lessér radiological
concern than the northeast islands, so are not included in the discussion that follows.)
Preparation for planting of the northeast islands included clearing, grading, and leveling.

These

tasks were accomplished by bulldozing all brush to the seaward side of the island, then grading and
leveling only as required to achieve a relatively uniform surface. Hummocks and hollows were not

entirely leveled, but enough soil was moved to create a different surface than existed at the time
radiological characterization measurements were made. Analytical results of soil samples collected

from various depths for both the TRU and FPDB programs; in situ gamma measurements made in
connection with brush removal experiments on Janet, Pearl and Sally; and comparison of data related
to soil disturbance due to lane clearing on several islands, all support the belief that the soil surface
at planting time contained lower concentrations of radionuclides than were

measured during

characterization. The reduction would be attributed to vertical mixing and horizontal transport with
no net change in total inventory. A fraction, perhaps up to 10 percent, of the total soil radioisotope
inventory has been relocated to the oceanside beach in the native vegetation cleared prior to
planting. This fraction may represent a significant portion of the soluble radionuclides. Future
measurements should provide additional information on how effective vegetation removal has been in
relocating some of the radionuclides available to food crops.

In conclusion, researchers should not expect future in situ gamma measurements or soil analyses to
yield the same results as reported herein for the northeast islands where coconuts have been

planted. The average radionuclide concentration should be lower (near the surface) because of the
mixing inherent in grading and leveling. Future research and measurement programs should provide
more information on the effect of clearing and planting on the distribution and availability of

radionuclides to food plants.

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