ESTIMATION OF EXCISION VOLUMES FOR AREAS OF
SUBSURFACE CONTAMINATION
DOE/ERSP TECH NOTE NO. 7.0

DATED: April 1978

AUTHOR: B. Friesen, DRI
Introduction

Subsurface contamination at activity levels above excision criteria is known to exist on several
northern islands in the Enewetak Atoll. Long term planning of cleanup action requires knowledge of
both surface and subsurface excision volumes.

Surface volumes can be estimated, retaining

full

view of necessary assumptions, from the combined efforts of soil sampling and in situ 24lam
gamma surveys; however, estimation of subsurface volumes is more complex. This tech note is
intended to describe the method used to derive a broad-brush first estimate of subsurface volumes
to be excised.

This exercise was undertaken to produce preliminary results in time for a 3-4 May 78 meeting in
Washington, D.C.
While the demand for data afforded us an opportunity to step through the procedures, the paucity of
data in many areas made estimation of volumes very tenuous and highly unsatisfactory.
Data Selection

All surface and subsurface soil analysis results from an area on a given island were assembled into
one list in order by location. Every type of available data was tabulated. In evaluating this data,
preference was given first to chemically determined total transuranies, then to laboratory counted
41am gamma, then to gross alpha determinations, either laboratory or field counted. If gross
alpha was available from both backhoe and augerprofiles at the same location, preference was given
to the backhoe profile data. In essence, the symbols placed on the estimation maps represent the
most accurate data available for each point at each level.
Estimation Maps
Maps were drawn for each of eight areas:

Irene 13-N-1

Area; Irene, Central Area; Janet,

Easy/X-ray Area; Janet, Item GZ; Pearl, 5-S-3 Area; Pearl, 1-N-1 Area; Sally, Kickapoo GZ; Sally,
Yuma GZ. Each map page contained representations of 3 subsurface depths or "plates." The first
page for an area contained plates representing the plane at 0, 20 and 40 em. The second page for an
area showed the plane at 60, 80 and 100 em. The intent of this graphic portrayal is to simulate a
three-dimensional representation. Each page had grid tick marks on all boundaries to facilitate

plotting data symbols, and beach lines were shown where applicable.
Date Symbols

Four symbols were selected to show different levels of activity with the size or intensity of the
symbolincreasing with level of activity as follows:
.

+

less than 40 pCi/g

= greater than 39.9 but less than 100
* = greater than 99.99 but less than 400
# = greater than 400
The appropriate symbol was then plotted at the appropriate location on the plate map.

Only the

highest quality value was plotted when more than one was available from the same location and
depth. All of the plate maps are labelled to indicate that the plotted symbols represent gross alpha,
pCi/g, when in fact approximately half of the values were of better quality than gross alpha.
Alternative labelling would have implied better data quality than existed or would have required a
more complex selection of symbols to portray both magnitude and quality of each datum entry.
B-7-1

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