CONTENTS
PAGE
FOREWORD
iil
PREFACE
v
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
vii
ABSTRACT
ix
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
xvii
CHRONOLOGY OF SIGNIFICANT EVENTS
xxiii
CHAPTER ONE: BACKGROUND
1.1
INTRODUCTION
l
1.2
SELECTION AND EVACUATION OF ENEWETAK ATOLL FOR NUCLEAR TESTING
3
1.3.
ISLANDS IN THE ATOLL
5
1.4
THE TESTING PERIOD
10
1.4.1
1.4.2
10
13
1.5
POST-TESTING PROGRAMS
1.5.1
1.5.2
1.5.3
1.6
Nuclear Tests
Testing Effects on the Islands
15
High Energy Upper Stage (HEUS) Rocket Tests
Pacific Cratering Experiments (PACE)
Mid-Pacific Research Laboratory (MPRL)
PHOTOGRAPHS OF HISTORICAL INTEREST
16
16
19
20
CHAPTER TWO: DOE ROLE
2.1
PRE-CLEANUP EVENTS TO 15 JUNE 1977
33
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
Introduction
Early Surveys and Reports
Engineering Study, 1972
33
36
36
2.1.5
2.1.6
2.1.7
2.1.8
AEC Task Group Report
Meeting of September 1974
Master Plans
The DEIS and EIS
39
44
45
46
Operations Plan (OPLAN 600-77)
The In-Situ System
50
51
2.1.4
2.1.9
2.1.10
2.1.11
2.2
AEC Surveys, 1971-1973
37
Work Toward Project Approval
47
RESOLUTION OF ISSUES
51
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
2.2.9
53
34
57
58
65
Ocean Dumping Versus Crater Entombment
Funding Responsibility
Plutonium Versus Total Transuranics
Cleanup Criteria
Priority of Island Cleanup
xi