CONTENTS Preface @eoecenraeseeeresesevraeteoe see eeevressteeeeevraesteeeeeeeeteeeoeneeneeneeeeeonenee Tii Acknowledgments w.rcseccccccccseereas nes eseeseset eerste ssescvesreseces v List of sacesessccnsesencees Lx List OF Illustrations wewecveccccccccevescsccsesersssssesssvecsacseeese xi Summary Tables acc cece eee c cent eee e eee cece eres eeeenseeraeeveeeeereereaeeoeeonaesteoeeeoeneseoneeonseeeeeneeeseeoneeneanetaneene xiii Le Introduction csccccccccccccccnccscccenscecersccsecccesssesveesess 1 TI. Methods and Result ceccvesvccvcvncvscsasenevevsesvesesssessccece 5 131r Intake at Rongelap Island Based on Urine Bioassay RESULES we cccccrcnccvescecerneresccsencnesrcescseseseresesea 5 B. Radioiodine Air Concentrations Based on Meteorology .......e. 5 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. C. Calculation of BRAVO Fallout Patterns .....ccccccnccccace Comparison of Whole-Body Dose Estimates........cecceceees Duration of Fallout ..ccecsccccccccvccvccnccvecteteateess Rate of Rise-of-Exposure Rate sscseccecseccccescecsscvsce Comparison of Airborne Activity Concentrations ...-..e.e- Radioiodine Surface Activity Based on Archival Soil Analysis for eeerneoandseoseteerneneeneeneereeeeeoneaeseevnetreesvneneeeneene 10 The Archival Soil Sample Collection ......sceccecsecveess Amalysis of Samples ...ccccccccccccccscsensesesessecesecs Estimate of Initial Surface Activity cecccrevccccesernece Ratio of Nuclide Activity to Total Fallout Activity in Archival Soils ..cccccccccccccccccccnccscccccsecsnecees 10 10 12 for Thermonuclear Fission ...cccccccccsacevcsccsecveece 14 Bikini ASH cercccccsccccreccccccccrnnversecsevesceseace Comparison of Archival Soil Measurements to Thermonuclear Fission Data and Bikini Ash Estimates .....csceseseseee 15 17 on Soil Activity for 1297 .oo cee cece cece ee eeecees 18 Thyroid Absorbed Dose Estimate Based on Bikini Ash Results .. 19 1. 19 19 l. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. D. wowonu 4. I The Ratio of Nuclide Activity to Fission Product Activity The Ratio of Nuclide Activity to Total Activity for Estimation of Radioiodine Activity per Unit Area Based Surface Activity and Exposure-Rate Estimates ...eseeeeoes a. Nuclide CompoSition ....ccccvccccvccceccccesvsceseees b. The Decay of Fallout .c.ccrecccncvnccaccvcvecccvveone - vii - 12 21