-3retardation in the children. However, the continued development of thyroid nodularities causes us to question the efficacy of the treatment in preventing the development of such nodularities. Several years ago the Ailingnae group were also included in the treatment program. (b) Development of hypothyroidism During the past several years, with the development of more sensitive tests of thyroid function (RAI for T,, TSH, T3, TSH and TRH stimulation tests) extensive examinations of the exposed Rongelap people have indicated that some of them without thyroid nodules are developing hypothyroidism. There are at least 4 people definitely in this category, but there are 6-8 more who have suggestive findings in this regard. 2. Leukemia and other malignancies In 1972 a young, exposed Rongelap man died of acute myelogenous leukemia. One death also occurred in an exposed Rongelap man due to cancer of the stomach. These are the only two deaths in the exposed Marshallese that may be related to radiation exposure. C. Other diseases Middle-age onset diabetes is very common in the Marshallese and presents a very serious problem. The BNL medical team has been studying this disease in order to advise the Trust Territory concerning the best treatment. Intestinal parasitism is prevalent throughout the islands and an evaluation and successful treatment program has been instituted for Rongelap and Utirik Atolls. Many other diseases are also treated by the doctors on their visits to the Islands. D. Utirik Radiological monitoring of personnel Continued evaluation of body burdens of personnel living on Rongelap and were carried out by gamma spectrographic analysis (whole body counting) of personnel and by radiochemical urinalysis. Body burdens have been well below the established maximum permissible levels and the slight exposure received by the people is believed to be far below levels that would produce detectable effects. III. Measures by AEC/DOE to Aid Exposed People of Rongelap and Utirik A. Medical Program 1. Annual medical examinations - with donation of time and effort by medical specialists from the U.S. 2. Past 6 years establishment of Resident Physician in the Isiands and recently a Marshallese nurse. 3. Expanded health care program since 1972, examining everyone on Rongelap and Utirik (including children) and supplemented with quarterly