static bending tests at the proving grounds. Following ASTM standards
small clears were cut and subjected to tests in the materials testing
laboratory on Elmer Island (Eniwetok Atoll}. From force-deflection
data, strength characteristics were calculated.

Table 2.3 presents average valués of fiber stress at proportional

limit, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elastisity for the three palm
and Pisonia test specimens. Similar values for typical American woods
are given for comparison purposes.
‘

2.6

PHOTOGRAPHY

To fix the undamaged appearance of sample plots; snubber trees,
and the tree stands as a whole, extensive still ground photoyrephy was
made prior to Shot 1. Low cblique aerial photographs were taken at
intervals along the center pressure gage radial across Uncle Island
stand. These views when repeated post-Shot 3 allowed assessing damage
in terms of stem and branch breakage and defoliation, and the effect of
tree position in the stand.

TABLE 2.3 - Comparative Strength Properties of Falm
and Pisonia with Typical American Woods
we

a

Common and

Botanical Name

(Cocos nucifera)
a

(Pisonia grandis)

American beech b

(Fagus grandifolia)

Douglas-fir?

(Pseudotsuga taxifolia)
b

aga;

(Acer
a
a

2

&§

nein

oo

’

ps
saccharinun)
mapie

-~

82
61
@ O43 ort

2s

SB
“~ oF

sb OS]4) 2°44
#25

38,
LHS

ERBa0)

“ene

aR

-“ A,
f&,

6n

7

3387

342

Sho

3&4

—

eo
~

+35

1,00

3,600

243

+25

1,700

2,300

305

24

296

45300

8,600

1,389

36

“49

4,800

7.600

1,350

92

-36

3,100

> ,000

970

66

24

3,100

5,800

940

, average of three :spec
.

;

eS

209

,

Pinus ponderosa)

ob.ver

°

Aas

Coconut palm &

Ponderosa pine

a>

<n

of Species

Pisonia
.

®ty

~
ot

/

370

~

“ Wood Hanabeck, Forest Products Laneratory, Forest Service, USDA.
eune, di.

25
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