Viv dae a

ANALYTICAL DEVELOPMENT IN PROGRESS

The Instruments Brarch of the Health and Safety Laboratory has been
developing a scintillation anti-ccincicence counter for low level

beta measurements. This is designed around a solution phosphor containing the active material in a volume of 5 to 10 ml. The problem

has been worked on by three groups; the Analytical Branch developing
the method of obtaining the active material in solution, Professor
Kallmann of NYU working on the development of the optimum phosphor,

and the Instrunents Branch working on the development of instru-

mentation.

The chemical operations were largely devoted to the separation of

Y°° from the radiostrontium plus strontium carrier obtained in our
normal chemical procedures. I+ was desirable to extract the r®°
into an organic solvent that would also be a suitable solvent for

the fluors; such as terphenyl and the substituted anthracene.
Initial experiments showed that certain compledng agents which

gave organic soluble compounds with Y also acted as quenchers for
the phosphor. This was true of TTA (thenoyl trifluoroacetone).
Other reagents such as oxine gave poor extraction coefficients.

Tributyl phosphate (TBP) has been used in the extraction of rare
earths from very strong nitric acid solution. The resulting organic
layers, however, were found to show very great quenching. This is
due to the presence of nitric acid mich also extracts into TBP.
It was not possible to wash out the HNO,, as the Y activity was also
removed in the process.
Extracting Y from saturated ammonium nitrate solutions with TBP
gave an organic layer which could be prepared as a good liquid
phosvhor. The pulse heights obtained are equivalent to phosphors
prepared directly from TBP. Both 75% and SO% saturated ammonium
nitrate solutions also gave good extraction results, allowing
easier manipulation than if completely saturated.
This technique should allow the reacy measurement of very low levels
of Y°° as carrier-free isotope, since the background of such a scintillation counter could be maintained at @ lowlevel. This procedure may also be used for determination of Ce*** which is one of the

known non-fractionating fission products present in aged fallow
debris. The second development is the use of a@ comparative logarthmic absorption plot for isotors identification. In this methec;:
the logarithm of the relative activity of the unknown with various
aluminum absorbers is plotted against the logarithm of the relative

activity of a known isotope such as P**.
ten) CVa
UNSLASSIFIZO

7

The slope of the resultin

Select target paragraph3