ACY EARNS UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION Washington 25, D.C. Tel. ST 3-8000 Exte 307 FOR RELEASE AT 5:15 P.M. (EDT) THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 195) Remarks Prepared by Dr. John C. Bugher, Director Division of Biology and Medicine United States Atomic Energy Commission For Delivery at 7th Annual Industrial Health Conference Houston, Texas - September 23, 1954 THE MEDICAL EFFECTS OF ATOMIC BLASTS To comprehend the magnitude of the medical problems of atomic attack, it is imperative that we know the fundamentals of the types of weapons and the range of power that may be anticipated in any action brought against this country. While it is obviously impossible to disclose in any detail our own capability, President Eisenhower in his historic speech before the UN General Assembly, December 8, 1953, said: "Atomic bombs today are more than 25 times as powerful as the weapons with which the atomic age dawned, while hydrogen weapons are in the ranges of millions of tons of TNT equivalent." Subsequently, there was released the documentary film of the first full-scale thermonuclear test at Eniwetok on November 1, 1952. This tremendous explosion, resulting in a fireball over three miles in diameter, created a large erater in the reef with the lifting of millions of tons of water and coral into the skies. With the earlier announcement, for an experimental device at Nevada, of a yield of 15,000 tons of TNT equivalent, or 15 kilotons, and the original estimation of the Nagasaki bomb at 20 kilotons, it is apparent that we may consider our family of weapons in a great range of possible yields and modes of delivery. What do these units of energy mean? What is implied by the words "kiloton" and "megaton"? Commission Chairman Strauss in a recent address used an illuminating (more)

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