Alimentary tract absorption @ S. A. IBRAHIM ET AL. 249 APPENDIX Table Al. Summaryof literature values for alimentary tract absorption fraction (f,) of key fallout radionuclides in various ingested forms and experimental conditions. Ingested form A Comments References Literature information, based on 1.0 Adopted value for workers ICRP 1979, 1989, 0.90 Hardy et al. 1965 0.82 (0.73—0.84)* Only one human subject investigated, chronic intakes 5 human subjects investigated 0.31 (0.29-0.36)" 3 human subjects investigated 0.89 (0.87-0.90)* 0.99 0.78 (0.1-0.4)" 4 human subjects investigated 2 human subjects investigated 10 human subjects investigated, chronic intakes 6 humansubjects investigated, chronic intakes 3 human subjects investigated Iodine (D ingestion from aqueous solution, milk and incorporated in foodstuffs Cesium (Cs) Contaminated food items from Rongelap, Marshall Islands Cg + carrier in silicate form, simulated distant fallout particles (see Table 3) '“Cs carrier free in microspheres, simulated local fallout particles (see Table 3) 'Cs in chloride solution 87Cs and '°Cs, carrier free 'S7Cs incorporated in venison meat '87Cs incorporated in shellfish from the Irish Sea '87Cs incorporated in food and Cs in chloride form Typical literature information for various animal species Literature information on various physico-chemical forms Strontium (Sr) Sr in bicarbonate form Sr in silicate form Sr in diet and milk Contaminated food items from the Marshall Islands (Rongelap) 0.23 (0.1-0.4)" 0.98 0.57 0.78 0.27 1.0 0.10 0.15 0.26 (0.09-0.48)" 0.30 (acute intakes) and the general public (chronic intakes) 1996; U.S. EPA 1988; Kendall et al. 1988 (NEA) LeRoyet al. 1966 Tinumaet al. 1971 Henrichset al. 1989 Huntet al. 1998 Raaf et al. 2004 Reindeer Mule deer Lab mouse Adopted value by various organizations for workers and members of the public NCRP 2006 Animal studies Hamilton 1944 4 human subjects investigated, chronic intakes 1 U.S. subject investigated, f; was calculated from intake Fujita 1965 ICRP 1979, 1989, 1996; U.S. EPA 1988; Kendall et al. 1988 (NEA) Hardy et al. 1965 and excretion, chronic Sr + carrier in oxide form incorporated in particles to simulate distant locations (see Table 3) Sr carrier free in oxide form incorporated in glass micro-spheres to simulate local fallout (see Table 3) Sr in chloride solution Contaminated food 0.23 (0.07-0.47)* intakes 9 human volunteers in two groups fed different levels of activity 0.16 (0.06—0.25)" 5 human subjects investigated 0.17 (0.08—0.34)* 11 human subjects investigated 10 adult humans on high Ca 0.17 diet, chronic intakes Literature information on various 0.3 0.01 Literature information on various 0.30 ingested forms ingested forms Barium (Ba) 3Ba in local fallout simulated particles '3Ba in distant locations simulated particles Literature information on diet Literature data on Ra For all compounds For SrTiO, acute intakes (workers) Based on upper limit of soluble forms of Sr, chronic intakes (general public) 0.01 LeRoyet al. 1966 Spenceret al. 1963 ICRP 1979; U.S. EPA 1988 ICRP 1989, 1993, 1996; Kendall et al. 1988 (NEA) Ingested by 4 humans subjects LeRoyet al. 1966 Adopted for workers (acute intakes) Based on Ra absorption, adopted for the public (chronic intakes) ICRP 1980 0.06 0.10 0.20 ICRP 1993, 1996 (Continued)