37

procedures instituted whenever possible. The examinations show somefindings persisting in the
exposed people which need to be carefully fol-

lowed. These include incomplete recovery ofcertain

blood elements to levels found in the unexposed
people, retardation of growth and developmentin
some of the irradiated children, and pigmented

changesat thesites of radiation burns of the skin.

Recognizing the importance of these surveys,
the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands and the
U.S. Atomic Energy Commission have agreed that
annual medical surveys of the Marshallese people

exposed to fallout in 1954 should continue indcfinitely.

Company of Texas, and Dr. Stewart Shippey at the

Kwajalein Hospital were all extremely helpful.
At Brookhaven National Laboratary, contributions were made by manyindividuals in many departments including Medical, Instrumentation and
Health Physics, Photography and Graphic Arts, the
Shipping Section, and others. We are grateful to

the following people for their support and advice:
Dr. Maurice Goldhaber, Director; Dr. Lee E. Farr,
Chairman of the Medical Department, and others
in this department including Drs. D. D. Van Slyke,
V. P. Bond, E. P. Cronkite, J. S. Robertson,
S. Cohn, L. M. Schiffer, R. A. Love, L. K. Dahl,
G. ©, Cotzias, V. G. Alcober, W. Calvo, and

H. Cottier, and Mr. A. Finn and Mr. W. J. Walsh.

Acknowledgments

Wewish also to thank Mrs. G. De Paolo for her
secretarial assistance and Mrs. M. Dienesfor editorial help.

The cooperation of many agencies and persons

was necessary to carry out these surveys success-

fully. The authors are deeply grateful to manyindi-

sion, particularly Dr. Charles L. Dunham, Dr. H.

D. Bruner, and many oftheir staff of the Division
of Biology and Medicine, were most helpful in the
coordination of arrangements with various governmental agencies and in supporting these surveys in every possible way.

We are grateful to the officials of the Department of the Interior and particularly to the officials
of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands including the High Commissioner, Mr. M. W. Goding;
the Director of Public Health, Dr. H. E. Macdonald, the District Administrator for the Marshall
Islands, Mr. Peter Coleman; the Director of the
Marshall Islands Memorial Hospital, Dr. John
Iaman, and others ofhis staff; and the Representative of the High Commissioner at Kwajalein, Mr.

William White. Mr. Don Davis and his crew of the
Trust Territory ship Ran Anim were most helpful.
As in the past, the Department of Defense, particularly the Department of the Navy, contributed
most vitally to the mission. The Pacific Missile
Range Facility at Kwajalein was of great assistance
in furnishing necessary airlifts and materials to be
used on the survey. Captain Paul Holmberg, Commanding Officer, Mr. Ben Wilson of the Transport

References
1. Cronkite, E. P. et at., The Effects of lonizing Radiation on Human Beings: A Report on the Marshallese and Americans Accidentall’ Exposed to Radiation From Fallout and a Discussion of Radiation injury in the Human Being, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C., 1956.
. Bonn, V. P., Conarn, R. A. ROBERTSON, J. S., and
Weoen, E. A. JR., Medical Examination of Rongelap
People Six Months After Exposure to Fallout, WT937, Operation Castle Addendum Report 4.1A, April
1955.
%. Cronkite, E. P.. DuNHAM, C. L., Griffin, D., McPierson, S. D.. and Woopwarp, K. T., TwelveMonth Post-Exposure Survey on Marshallese Exposed
to Fallout Radiation, BNL 384 (T-71), August 1955.
4. Conarpb, R. A., Hucains, C. E., CANNON, B., LowREY, A.. and RicHaros, J. B., J.A.AL.A. 164, 1192-7
(1957).
5. Conarn, R. A.. Meyer, ©. M.. Raut. J. E., Lowrey,
A.. Bacu, S. A., Cannon, B.. Carter, E., Eicher, M..
and HECHTER, H., Afarch 1957 Medical Survey of

ie

viduals, too numerous to name, for valuable assistance.
Many officials of the Atomic Energy Commis-

Rongelup and Utirik People Three Years After Exposure to: Radioactive Fallout,

June 1958.

BNL $01

(T-119),

6. Conanp, R. A. ET AL, Medical Survey of Rongelap
People, March 1958, Four Years After Exposure two

Fallout, BNL $34 (7-138). May 1959,
7. Conarp, R. A. ET al... Medical Survey of Rongelap
People Five and Six Years After Exposure to Fallout,
BNI. 609 (T-179), September 1960.

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