.
+ ee Ree upeig = ae Se
EVFECTS OF IONISING RADIATION
to radiation than brunettes (is). Lastly it is
quite evident that sensitivity and response
varied with anatomic location.
In Table 4.3 are listed the approximate sur-
face skin doses required to produce recognizable
epidermal injury from beta radiations in ani-
with hentones in the expowed individuals in this
study in order to esimate the sin dow, since
specter differences in renponne may exint. ane
certain radiation factors are not well extab-
Itahenl, suck as accurate knowledge of the beta
spectrum of the fniious maseriai and tiem ce.
Cotaparwmeon with human data suffers from: wide
differences in radiation energy and doves reported and metheds of determining the rep
dower.
The low incidence of infection of the radia-
tion burns is probably due to their superticial
nature. Ulceration and partial healing preceded the time of minimal granulocyte counts.
It is conceivable, however, that with higher
Table 3.3.—Surface Doses Required to Produce Recognizeabie Epidermal lajury
(N veeraos
ANi@aL
Henshaw, et al (22)
Raper and Barnes (23)
Raper and Barnes (23)
Snider and Raper (24)
Raper and Barnes (23)
Rats.
Rats .
Mice ..
Mice
Rabbita
Tuxhbaugh (25)
Moritz and Henriqies (26)
Morits
Morita
Monts
Morits
Morita
and
and
and
and
and
Henrique
Heumquen
Henriques
Henriques
Henriques
(26)
(26)
(26)
(26)
(26)
=
0. OS
Pigs
Pig
Piga
Pigs
Pigs
Co™
(‘a7
sree
y"
ys
tween that required to produce threshold skin
damage and that for permanent damage in pigs
ix SOU to 1000 rep (26). One is not justified
* Reported cHoical experience with radiation skin
lemioas is based predominantly on the response of
people. wherean the jiesions described
berein were observed primarily io the Marshaliene,
a highly pigmented peopie,
Euganr
(Mavi
U. 5
0.5
05
0.5
0.5
sre
Pign
Avanaas
ps
pe
pe
Pp»
pe
Nheep
mals. Jt is apparent from the table that beta
ray energy is of considerable importance in determining the degree of injury. According to
Moritz and Henriques, the difference in dose be-
whiteskinped
lporors
0.3
u. Ol
v2
U 3
U5
U7
Scarace Doss (agr)
1,
4,
2,
2,
5,
500-4, 000
WUO
OO
500
00D
eee aes ee iene
blondes with light pigment are nore sensitive
In comparing animal lewions from known ones
ee Oe
minim! dermal injury are vetable. The particulete natare and uneven distribution of the
fate matenai was responsible for the spntty
nature of the lestons and, the large componen:
of soft energy beta radiation was responsible
for the greater epitiermail injery. the pron:
nenre ef pigerntary changes is probably related te rarce.® [tin generally conceded that
2. 500-5, UOO
20), UOU-30, 000
4,
2,
1,
1,
1,
000-5,
000-3,
§00-2,
500-2,
500-2,
ODO
000
000
000
000
doses of whole-body radiation, the defenses
against infection might have been sufficiently
impaired to have resulted in serious complications from skin lesions of the severity encountered.
Severe radiation injury is known to predis-
pose to cancer. The probability of the develop-
ment of malignancies at the site of healed lesions ig unknown, Certain factors appear to
dec. ase the probability: (a) The majority of
the lesions were superficial,
———
and the severe, spotty epidermal injury with
(b) Visible signs
of chronic radiation dermatitis are absent in
vey to,
3%