SESSION it 77 explanations, when they cam::, made us ‘ook even worse. ‘The skin injuries might be lye burns—from the unslaked lime of the coral." Dr. Tsuzuki went on the air internationally—a 15-minute speech translated into all Western languages~to describe the injuries. He said it was ironic to tell him that radiation burns might be lye burns, when he had worked all his professional life with radiation, and had been the first to go into Hiroshima. He made a few unpalatable remarks guinea pigs. There was much misconception about the purpose of the ABCC among the Japanese. They did not understand that the ABCC was a research organization and not allowed to treat patients, as that was against Japanese medical policy. For years resentment had been building up because radiation victims would go to the ABCC, be examined and tested for daysa—and then sent away without consistent trestment, The idea spread, fanned by anti-American interests, that they were being used as guinea pigs to further American science. I was told that this was one reason the fishermen and their doctors refused to permit examination by American radiation experts and doctors. In England, Prime Minister Churchill was grilled for 7 hours by Parliament with the Members insisting he call the American Government to account, demand an explanation—and the Prime Minister protesting, "I will get only a rebuff, I think we ought to have an explanation but we can't demand it," The image of the scientist underwent a sad change—and I think this is not simply a literary curiosity. Before 1954, the prototype was Pasteur, Einstein, dedicated men working for human good. Other- wise they were ''mad scientists,"' Simultaneously. as if on cue, after March 1954, scientists became 'sorcerer's apprestices” in every European language—English, German, dropped out of the literature, the devil, FREMONT-SMITH: French. “Mad scientists" All scientists are nowin league with They are all mad. Very interesting. ROOT: Il hope I haven't taken too much time. irrelevant. This may be entirely UPTON: You mentioned earlier, Chuck, that there were a couple of people in the room who were at ABCC then. Open about the ABCC, and about the Americans using the Japanese as