SESSION Vi 349 because she doesn't have significant deposits of iron ore. would have to be obtained elsewhere. HEMLER: So they couldn't use it. DUNHAM: There was a lot of scrap around. HEMLER: Where did they get the coal? The ore SHULL: There is much soft coal to be found in northern Kyushu in Nagasaki, Saga, and Fukuoka Prefectures. i've always assumed the existence of this coal was one of the justifications for locating so much of Japan's steel industry in and near Yawata. ROOT: They also had spared the Imperial shipyards which were being used for the repair of American ships. Then Kaicer-came in and leased the shipyards to build his revolutionary giant tankers. He taught the ship builders his methods, contracted out a lot of construction and suddenly all the unemployed ship workers had jobs and a big ' expansion was underway providing desperately needed tankers to the world. This was a kind of fateful spinoff. Kaiser had gone around the world trying to lease shipyards and they had all! started up production except Japan which had been held back by the Occupation. DOBSON: Merril, could I go back in time a bit in this hypothetical consideration and ask Dr. Warren about the possibly very significant health problems, pestilences and the like, which, without outside help to the Japanese, might have modified this kind of economic recovery? I wonder if he would be willing to either tell us or to speculate what he thinks might have been the situation without DDT and without the other medical and hygienic measures that we helped them with? WARREN: DOBSON: Do you wish to limit this to Hiroshima and Nagasaki? I thought maybe Japan as a whole. WARREN: As a unit, it has been mentioned before, they lost, presumably, effectively more than half their people and in effect their whole metropolitan area was essentially abandoned because there was nothing left there to develop any kind of activity. Even the gas tanks were ruptured, so there was no gas. The power stations had been badly bent so that it would take some considerable repair to get them back into being. I don't know about the hydroelectric power sources, but there was almost no power there. The hospitals, of course, were