| la DEY (201.10) Project 18.4 - Chord Experiment and Time~Interval = H, Hoerlin Westervelt, Bennet, Day, Hoerlin CHORD EXPERIMENT Objectives: All optical observations of an expanding fireball at early times are affected by the characteristics of the strongly disturbed air ahead of the radiating front. The brightness temperatures observed during this phase of expansion are in the range of 2000° to 10000° K which is sever~ al hundred times lower than the true temperatures of the expanding rade dation or shockfronts, This obscuration is partially due to effects of the gamma-rays and neutrons on a large volume of the surrounding air and more locally due to the disturbance of the air immediately ahead of the radiating surface by soft x-rays and ultraviolet radiation. Past studies, mainly conducted by the Optics Division of the NRL (Stewart) under LASL sponsorship, have resulted in qualitative identification and semi~quantitative time histories of the absorbing reaction products of the disturbed air, More specifically the presence of these main specimens has been established in spectroscopic work: 035 absorb= ing in the ultraviolet; excited OH and 02, also in the ultraviolet; HNO, and NOs, in the ultraviolet and blue; NS in the blue. Whereas these molecules have well known absorption structures the analysis of past data indicates that their presence alone does not fully account for the strength of the observed fireball obscuration. It is reasonable to as- sune that additional strong absorption must be caused by transitions fran bound into therhingesptates and that negative ions like 035 and O” contrib- LANL Re - 129 -

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