twice the dose of the surface burst. At greater distances this dose differential decreased until the doses became very nearly equal at 1,000 yards. The residual fields in the Hamilton and Humboldt ground-zero areas were much lower than expected as the yields of these devices were much lower than expected. In both cases the contamination was apparently fission products from contaminated tower materials. No elongated fallout pattern was observed although one survey team for each event hunted downwind fallout. The alpha-contamination levels of Shot Hamilton, at 100 yards or more from ground zero, were below 120 g/m? which is considered an insignificant hazard. TABLE 8 The Hamilton ground-zero area SHOT HAMILTON ALPHA-CONTAMINATION LEVELS, pg/m? Slant Alpha Contamination at Azimuths Shown, deg Distance yd 25 55 85 115 1445 175 205 235 265 295 325 355 100 200 62.4 20.5 116.6 112.0 15.0 1.6 2.2 0.5 1.8 0.8 1.9 0.9 72.4 0.9 2.6 6.5 23.0 19.5 24.0 0.4 27.4 0.9 66.7 0.7 300 2.4 91.44 14 0.4 0.02 0 0 1.6 2.9°- 1.8 1.6 1.6 400 0.9 30.9 0.5 0 — _ 0 1.9 3.6 1.0 2.2 0.5 500 2.4 29.2 0.4 _ —_ _— 0 2.5 3.8 1111 0.9 600 700 800 1.5 1.3 1.7 0.3 0 0 3.8 2.1 1.4 7.9 2.6 3.1 0.5 — _-_ 0.6 0.6 _ 91 —_ 1406 41 — —— — _-— Ol _—__ 0.6 0.89 — was visually observed to be strewn with tower debris, paraffin, etc. Since this debris probably became embedded with fission products and alpha emitters, the absence of this debris (as would be the case for a detonation in free air) would cause even lower ground-zero contamination levels. Since the Emmett devices were not in the fallout area for Shot Fig, no data were obtained on fallout arrival or decay. The activity detected for a few minutes at the closest stations was probably crater shine. CONCLUSIONS The following conclusions are based on the results from Shots TABLE 9 Time After Detonation min Hamilton, and Humboldt DISTANCE FROM GROUND ZERO TO 10 R/HR ISODOSE LINES, SHOTS HAMILTON AND HUMBOLDT Shot Hamilton Minimum Maximum yd yd Shot Humboldt Minimum Maximum yd yd 10 40 90 140 205 15 30 75 120 180 30 15 65 85 150 60 5 55 30 100 and apply to fractional-kiloton-yield devices tested. 1. Initial gamma doses in the 300- to 900-yard range may be extrapolated from TM 23-200 data with confidence for surface bursts. : 2. For the same yield at distances up to 300 yards from detonation, an air burst will deliver at least twice the initial gamma dose of a surface burst. At greater distances the difference between the doses received from the air burst and the surface burst decreases, and the doses become nearly equal at 1,000 yards. , 3. Lethal doses (600 r) of initial gamma radiation are received at approximately 150 yards from the point of detonation Ja 7.8-ton low air burst 28

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