CHAPTER J, SECTIONS 1 and 2 Precautionary measures against blast damage. wave action, and radioactive contamination were taken as dictated by probable test vields. However, after the initial shot (Bravo - Station 20) on 1 March 1954, all pre-test plans were greatly modified. The unexpected destruction of facilities and the intensity of the residual radivactive contamination resulting from the Bravo cetonation necessitated changes in the test program. Changes were made in the shot sequences; also. Station 90 was moved to the Charlie crater: Station 10 to the Flora crater; and a number of photographic and other recording stations had to be abandoned or added to mevt the require- ments for the changed zero statiors. Radioactive contamination necessitated a new barge, Station 1840.01, on a reef near How, in lieu of Station 1820.02. ' The principal resultant problem to the Contractor was the disposition of his torces, particularly the abrupt shift from a land-based to a ship-based operation at Bikini. The adaptation was sucvessfuly made four the iimited duration involved. SECTION 2 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The principal difficulties reported in OPERATION CASTLE appear to have been related, directly or indirectly, to the scheduling of the preoperational phascs of construction. The problems derive from the nature of the project. The remoteness of the site, the lead time necessary for procurement and mobilization, the difficulty of effective distribution of men and equipment on widely dispersed areas, and transport over the considerable water separation, all contribute to a rather extended construction period. Yet, in the earher phases of the pre- operational period, [ew criteria are tirm except the end date, which, being inflexible. demands careful planning. Detailed schedules based on firm scope are not possible until late in a program when they were often too late for effectiveness, and early schedules tend to be fragmentary. However, experience iu the problems of GREENHOUSEand IVY has enabled the Contractor increasingly to anticipate and evaluate missing factors, and thus make realistic forecasts. The momentum of scientific progress, continuing to the moment of a test, makes most of the resulting engineering and construction problems inherent in the project. Although the operational phase was changed in scope as a result of the first detonation, the rapid solution of the problems which followed indicated that the existing procedural techniques and organizational set-up, were functional and flexible enough to accommodate not only an orderly progression in the operation, but atso radical changes in plans. Therefore, extended recommendations do not appear to be indicated. Page 1-10 There are a few refinements, from the Contractor’s standpoint, that might produce some saving of time and monevin other operations. Accordingly, the following is offered for consideration in planning future test programs. 1. Expericnce gained during OPERATION CASTLE indicates the need for more direct contr) by the Contractor over contract employers in the matter of radiation exposure. It is therefore believed desirable to establish within Task Group 7.5 a non-military RadSafe unit which would be responsible for the regulation of safety measures within the Task Group. 2, In the develanment of design criteria. it is believed that the Contractor's personnel should work in close proximity with the actual design groups at the University of California Radiation Laboratory and Los Alamos Scientific Lahoratory in ordcr to expedite the development of criteria and, also, to help the Scientific Groups formulate design requirements along lines which could result in simplification or standardization of construction procedures and materials, thus resulting in over-all savings in time and money. 3. As a means of reducing the number of personnel in the advance elements of the Task Groups assigned to the Forward Area, consideration might be given to instructing the Contractor to assume additional responsibilities in the handling, processing, and billeting of personnel; in warehousing of. User's equipment and supplies: and in other related functions at the Pacific Preving Ground which involve duplication of function, and for which the Contractor is already established. Jo q a | | } i “a, All of the foregoing narrative summary is extracted irom text treated in more complete detail in following sections of this report.