TSECETEAETS SE APSESMERe EEEcaynUSE “SreetoerranitamineST AM MeN, pH in EERE Theneat 2 6 ea i Operation Castle continued with other tests at Bikini Atoll, but with an enlarged exclusion of the oceanic areas of possible fallout. The only detonation of Operation Castle made in Eniwetok Atoll was the Nectar shot, detonated on 14 May 1954 on a barge in the lagoon over the Mike crater. By 1954 the large island of Engebi (Janet in the U.S. code name) had become a barren, sandy island from which the coconut palms and other trees had long since disappeared. This major island of 291 acres had been sudjected to World War II bomoardment and, by 1954, to four series of nuclear weapons tests. The nuclear explosions produced blast and irradiated the is- land by instantaneous radiation from nuclear detonations and by delayed radiation of fallout. Nevertheless, colonies of rats continued to thrive on this isnlated island in 1955. 44 even though casulties resulted from the tests. The 1956 series of tests in the Pacific Proving Ground was. called Operation Redwing. These took place at both Bikini and Eniwetok Atolls, with eleven at Eniwetok Atoll. Part of Bogan Island (Irene in the U.S. code name) was removed on 6 June 1955 by test Seminole, which was positioned on the land surface. This Seminole crater is on the east side of the remainder of Bogan Island. The other surface test in Operation Redwing was test Lacrosse, which formed atcrater at the Northern tip of Runit Island (Yvonne is the U.S. e code name) in the tide lands on the ocean side of the island. One Bikini test in Operation Redwing was an airplane drop of a thermonuclear bom> 4,13 with a yield of several megatons. 12. 13. Reference 1, p 207. Reference 1, p 221. oe era _