The Pu decontamination actions possible are listed below: @ < 40 pCi/gm of soil - corrective action not required. @ 40 to 400 pCi/gm of soil - corrective action determined ona case-by-case basis considering all radiological conditions. e >400 pCi/gm of soil - corrective action required. . ' The islands on which Pu cleanup actions are required are shown in Table 5-4. It is also possible to take no cleaning action and to quarantine the islands where Pu is present at 40 pCi/gm of soil or greater. Bejere 5.4.3.2 Disposal of Radioactive Materials. The quantity of radioactive debris on the islands of the Atoll is estimated to be 7,262 cuyds. Itis composed of scrap metal and concrete on the islands of Bokoluo, Enjebi, Lujor, Eleleron, Aomon, and Runit. Thereis, in addition, a considerable amount of soil that is radioactive. The amount to be removed has been the subject of considerable study and it has been decided that nearly 80,000 cu yds would,be removed for disposal, as a minimum. “5 t piece fo This had led to the important problem of how to dispose of the radioactive scrap and soil in such a manner that it could not cause harm to humans at some later date. There are several methods which have ‘been suggested including ocean dumping, crater dumping, crater containment, and disposal in the continental U.S. (Conus). in the following sections. 5.4.3.2.1 Ocean Dumping. These are discussed Dumping in the deep open ocean (1,000 fathoms minimum depth) was considered, but rejected for several reasons. It would be impossible to guarantee the integrity of any container filled with Pu bearing soil and other radioactive debris for even one half life of the material (about 24,000 years for 39 pu). In addition, the characteristics of oceancur‘rents,from tthe bottom to the top,|in a selectedjocation would delay the program, as well asincréasé ‘its“cést' Gorfsidérably. The present estimated cost for ocean disposal of these materials is about 50 percent higher than that for crater containment. The requirements established by U.S. law and regulation are even more stringent than those resulting from international agreements. It is possible that adverse legal actions could be taken and the required permit not be issued, even aiter the necessary studies had been completed. 5.4.3.2.2 Crater Dumping. In this method, the radioactive debris and soil would simply be dumped into the Cactus and Lacrosse craters on Runit with no preparatory or closing operations. This procedure would 5-13