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which have and may continue to cause their distribution, is the logica!
starting point for study.

2.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objectives of this study were divided into three parts, as follows:
1.

A review of relevant literature related to the oriqin, and the

physical and chemical characteristics of fallout debris and transuranic radionuclides produced at Bikini Atoll.
2.

Measurements of the concentrations of selected alpha and gamma

emitting radionuclides in sediment samples collected in 1972.
3.

Interpretation of the measurements in terms of physical, hydrological

and chemical processes.

Special attention is given to interpretations which

may be important to present redistribution processes and may relate the observed data to data reported by other investigators.
Because of its significance and the difficulty of obtaining data for
alpha emitting radionuclides, the prime emphasis of this thesis is placed on
the plutonium and americium-241 data.

3.

PROBLEMS, PROCESSES AND LITERATURE:

AN OVERVIEW

To interpret the distribution of pollutants in the environment requires

consideration of many variables, including the physical-chemical properties of
both the pollutant and the components of the environment under investigation.

Since the scope of this study thus becomes very broad, careful consideration
of previous information concerning the pollutants fate and behavior greatly
facilitates subsequent study.

The initial distribution of radioactive debris

from each test would be expected to be strongly influenced by the following

factors: (1) the size and location of each detonation; (2) local hydrological

conditions; (3) the physical-chemical properties of the radionuclides; (4)

Select target paragraph3