The six general areas of civil effects study in the Plumbbob - program are: (1) (2) Fallout radiation Prompt-gamma and prompt-neutron radiation (5) Radiological countermeasures and training (3) (4) Blast effects on structures Blast biology studies . ' Correlation of Biological Data - Considerable effort is being devoted in the 1957 series toward obtaining more information in field tests, through use of animals and various tissue-equivalent materials, which can be applied in determining the effects of radiation on man, In the past, insects, animals and materials have been studied in laboratories and in the field to try to arrive at the probable effects on man. However, there are important differences in response to radiation exposure between the different species. Many of the differences are based upon size. There also are differences between laboratory..theory or experimentation and actual experience in the presence of full scale nuclear detonations. More data has been obtained from laboratory work than from work done in association with nuclear detonations. . Experiments being carried out in Plumbbob have been integrated into a coordinated effort to fill out as far as possible the spec- trum of desired effects data, Robert L. Corsbie, Director, Civil Effects Test Group, has described the resulting coordinated project as one which does not cost 25 cents above the originally proposed activities, but which would cost more than a million dollars if planned separately. The Franklin shot, second in the series, had associated with it an unusually broad program of experiments to help determine the acute and chronic effects of radiation exposure. Other experiments later in the series, including Wilson, were to be used to supple- ment the data obtained from Franklin. Angular Distribution Studies are being conducted during the series through the use of collimators and greatly improved dosimetry to evaluate the radiation doses which would be received by indivi- . t 4 t On Ww ty He, Vary duals in locations shielded by physical structures or terrain.