with mitral stenosis and insufficiency was substantiated. At the time of examination, the boy was fully active without evidence of decompensation. On May 13, 1956, a 46-vear-old Rongelap man (#25) died suddenly after an illness of about one hour. He had been quite well except for two short illnesses occur- ring a year ago and four months ago characterized by pyrexia (102 to 104°F), head- aches and bodyaches, general malaise, and slight cough. In addition, he had complained occasionally of vague abdominal pain but there were no associated physical findings. Previous physical examinations had been essentially negative except for hypertension (BP 148/104) which was present on the first examination two years ago, a few days after radiation exposure, and which no doubt antedated the exposure. The present illness was characterized by acute onset of dyspnea with complaint of abdominal pain, The health aide observed that his abdomen was boardlike. He died be- fore he could be brought to the hospital and autopsy was delayed until about 20 hours after death because of religious rites.* The heart was reported to be enlarged with pericardial effusion and the presence of vegetations on the mitral valve. There was pulmonary and hepatic congestion and what appeared to be a fatty degeneration of the pancreas, Tissues were sent to Brookhaven National Laboratory for histological evaluation. Unfortunately the tissues were poorly fixed; autolysis had occurred in most specimens because of the length of time elapsing between death and autopsy, and the use of insufficient fixative. A summary of the histopathological findings follows:** The sections examined microscopically indicated that the patient had benign nephrosclerosis (hypertension) with myocardial hypertrophy (presumably, left), Coronary artery arteriosclerosis was present, Evidences of heart failure were noted in the presence of recent pulmonary edema and passive congestion, acute, of liver and spleen. No evidence of rheumatic heart disease, acute or inactive, was noted and no valvular vegetations were observed, The specimen of pancreas was autolyzed, Growth and Development Heights and weights based on sex and age were compared in exposed and control children (19 years of age and younger), using the data taken in the six-month and two-year surveys. Unfortunately only nine children of each sex could be matched with the controls, since not all the control children were available for re-examination. Nine males between the ages of 3 and 15 years and nine females between the ages of 5 and 19 were compared. When there were several children of the same age, the means for each age were used to calculate the over-all mean differences for the total group. The mean differences in height and weight of the exposed children compared to the controls were as follows: Males Females 6-mo 2-yr 6-mo 2-yr survey survey survey survey Height, in. -2,1 -2.1 -0.1 -0,5 Weight, lb -6.5 -7.2 +2.0 -0,2 Even though slight differences were noted between the irradiated and control children, it is not possible to attach any significance to these differences because of the small *Dr. A. Hicking in charge of the Marshall islands Memorial Hospital performed the autopsy. **The histopathological findings are those of Dr. S.W. Lippincott of Brookhaven National Laboratory.

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