MEASUREMENT OF SOME AGING CRITERIA SUMMARY In order to study possible premature aging effects of radiation in the people of Rongelap in the Marshall Islands, a series of measurable criteria generally associated with aging were recorded during the 1959 annual medical survey (5 year post-exposure) on 42 people who had been exposed to radiation and 84 unexposed Marshallese. The criteria were chosen on the basis of ease of assessment under field conditions considering time limitation and language barricr. Some criteria were assessed on observation by scoring on a 0 through 4+ and per- centage basis (senile skin changes, graying of hair, baldness, arcus senilis, peripheral arteriosclerosis, retinal arteriosclerosis). this approach mayprove helpful in assessing aging in human beings and mayoffer a clue to possible radiation-induced aging. The author wishes to express his gratitude to Mr. William Scott for his assistance in compiling the data; to Col. Austin Lowrey (MC) USA of Walter Reed Army Hospital, Drs. B. S. Blumberg of National Institutes of Health and W. H. Lewis of Memorial Hospital for their assistance in taking measurements on the Rongelap people. REFERENCES 1. rp in the unexposed comparison population for differences which might indicate possible premature aging effects of radiation exposure. As pointed out, such differences have not been apparent thus far. 3. 4, 5. Between Cells and Proc. Ist U.C.L.A. Island. Sept., 1957. UR-521, 1958. Conard, R. A. Mever, L. M., Robertson, J. S., Sutow, W. W., Wolins, W., and Hechter, H.: Conard, R. A., Meyer, L. M., Rall, J. E., Lowrey, A., Bach, S. A. Cannon, B., Carter, E., Eicher, M., Cronkite, E. P.. Bond. V. P.. and Dunham, C. L.: Some Effects of lonizing Radiation and Human Boing, U.S. Government Printing Office, Wash- ixvpon, D.C. TID 338 ed. 1956. 6. Cronkite. E. P.. and Bond, V. P.: Effects of Radiation on Mammals. Ann. Rev. Physiol. 18: 483526, 1955. Furth, J., Upton, A. C., Christenberry, K. W.. Benedict, W. H., and Moshman, J.: Some Late Effects in Mice of Ionization Radiation from an Experimental Nuclear Detonation. Radiology, 63: 562570, 1954. data were pooled and presented at this time to 8. 9. as arcus senilis and graying of the hair, seemed “i Cc Casarett, G. W.: Interactions Tissues Following Radiation. Conf. on Radiobiol., Catalina U. of Rochester A.E.C. Report and Utirik People Three Years After Exposure to Radioactive Fallout. Brookhaven Nat. Lab., No. 501: (T-119) June, 1958, pressed on a percentage basis (skin looseness, also to be fairly well correlated. A plot of the average percentage scores for individuals by age (biological age score) showed generally increasing scores with ages and less scatter than was noted with individual criteria. It is hoped that from External and Internal Sources. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, 1948. and Hechter. H.: Medical Survey of the Rongelap criteria were measured directly and also ex- describe the methodology, trend of criteria changes with age, and attempt to assess biological age. Curves of the plotted data drawn by eye showed varving degrees of age-associated change with different criteria. The measured criteria were generally best correlated with age, particularly accommodation of the eyes, visual acuity, skin elasticity, and hand strength, although someof the observational criteria, such Bloom, W. (Editor): Histopathology of Irradiation Effects of Fallout Radiation on a Human Population. Radiation Res. Suppl. 1; 280-295, 1959. The other skin elasticity, accommodation of the eyes. visual acuity, hearing by audiometry, blood pressure. neuromuscular function, and hand strength). A skin caliper used for measuring skin looseness and clasticity was described. Since no differences were readily apparent between the exposed and unexposed people, the 365 10. ll. Lasser, R. P., and Master, A. M.: Observation of Frequency Distribution Curves of Blood Pressure in Persons Aged 20 to 106 Years. Geriatrics, 14: 345-360, 1959. Maloney, W. C., and Kastenbaum, M. A.: Leuke- mogenic Effects of Jonizing Radiation on Atomic Bomb Survivors in Hiroshima City. Seience, 121: 308-309, 1955. March. H. C.: Leukemia in Radiologists. J.A.M.A., 135: 135-179, 1947. Warren. S.: Longevity and Causes of Death from Irradiation in Physicians, [.A.M.A., 162: 465-468, 1956.

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