Table 2. Comparison of predicted and measured body burdens of 137Cs for three atolls in the
Marshall Islands.
Predicted 137Cs adult body burdensin wCi
Atoll
Imports available
Bikini
5.50
Rongelap
0.19
Utirik
0.043
Imports unavailable
11
0.42
0.098
Measured 137Cs body
burdensin pCi in
LLNLdiet model
BNL diet?
~20
0.58
1978>
2.4 (M); 1.7 (F)
0.18
0.17 (A) |
0.053 (A)
4 Naidu etal., 1981.
b (M) stands for male, (F) stands for female, and (A) stands for adult; BNL data, (Lessard et al., 1980a,
1980b; Miltenbergeretal., 1980).
Also listed are the kilocalories per day (kcal/d)
intake for the diet model when imported foods
are both available and unavailable.
The intake of 1450 g/d including milk
products in our diet model when imported foods
are available is higher by about 200 to 400 g/d
than the results from the U.S. and Japan
surveys.
The 3003 kcal/d in the diet model
somewhat erratic, inventories of imported foods
are expected to be such that the total absence of .
imported foods from the diet is most unlikely.
A final consideration for the diet modelis
allowances from 1600 to 4000 kcal/d (Committee
the predicted amount of calcium. Dietary
calcium has to be considered because most models
for 20Sr dosimetry depend on strontium/calcium
ratios (Papworth and Vennart, 1973, 1984;
Bennett, 1973, 1977, 1978; Cristy et al., 1984;
for Revision of the Canadian Dietary Standard,
Leggett et al., 1982). Generally, the models are
exceeds the U.S. average by little more than
1000 keal/d.
The average recommended
allowances for caloric intake range from 2000 to
3200 kcal/d, and individual recommended
1964; Food and Agricultural Organization, 1957;
designed based on the assumption that the daily
ICRP, 1975; National Academyof Science, 1980).
intake of calcium is about 0.9 g, as it is in the
It appears that the U.S. population average
intake seldom reaches these high recommended
levels.
This comparison showsthat our diet model,
calcium intake for the diet model is 0.85 g/d,
which we believe validates the applicability
based upon the MLSCsurveyat Ujelang Atoll, is
not seriously at variance with the U.S. and
Japanese data for g/d intake or for total daily
calories consumed. It appears likely that the
overall error is in the conservative direction of
overestimating total intake.
The estimates for “Imported Foods
Unavailable" scenario (Tables 2 and 3) are
based upon the assumption that no imported
foods are available; that is, people would
ae Ek
world this is quite unrealistic. The demandis
present, suppliers and commercial transport are
available, and the people have cash in hand.
Even though resupply schedules may be
consume only local foods for their entire
lifetime. Our observation is that in today's
I0001bI
United States and Europe.
The estimated
of the model for 9°Sr dosimetry.
A few general conclusions can be drawn from
evaluating all the available data on dietary
habits in the Marshall Islands.
1. Coconut meat and fluid consurnption is
the major source of 137Cs intake in the
diet model; the diet model does predict
the 137Cs burden observed in actual
whole-body counting of the adult
population for twoatolls. _
2. The dietary habits are, to a degree,
atoll specific and should be generalized
from one atoll to another only when