Dunning, Gordon M.
IMMEDIATE RADIATIONS FROM NUCLEAR DETONATIONS. sipurnas
1957).
oftheWashingtonAcademyofSciences +7, 189-9
Temperature pulsations within a fireball, as it advances
vertically and horizonatally, ranges from several
million degrees at the time of detonation, decreases
markedly within a fraction of a second and rises again
to near maximum; continuing then to drop off with time.
Time sequence of the temperature pulse is dependent
upon the yield (energy) valus cf the blast. a function
of the size of the fireball. A 20-kiloton burst (2U,0U0
tons TNT equivalent) will create a fireball of about 600
* feet in radius.
Other size detonations can be determine
ed by the relation: R/RO = (W/W0)2/5, where RO - maximum
radius of reference wurst, WO = yield of reference
burst. Rate of delivery for a given total thermal ener-
gy is relatively fast for lower yield bursts, but is is
appreciably slower for higher yield detonations, suggesting the possibility of effective action for the larger
burst.
The total energy (thermal) reaching a given point
is a function of: yield, distance from burst, and state
of the atrosphere. Effectiveness of evasive action and.
the use of shielding materials for protection from thermal radiations causing lst-, 2nd-, and 3rd-degree burns
as well as estimations for y-exposure expressed in r.
and r. equivalent man (REM) are tabulated and correlated
to burst yield from 20-20,000 kilotons in approximate
distance of 30, 300, and 1,000 miles from point of
it
detonation.
23.
Dunning, Gordon M.
(Division of Biology and Medicine,
U. S. Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, D. C.).
RADIATIONS FROM FALLOUT AND THEIR EFFECTS.
oy e
4%8p.
(1957).
Dunn_ng, Gordon M.
RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION OF CERTAIN AREAS IN THE PACIFIC
OCEAN FROM NUCLEAR TEST.
60p. Washington, U. S.
Government Printing Office, 1957.
$0.40.
Y3.At7:2R11/20.
The results of the medical and radiologicai surveys of
the Marshall Islands following the thermonuclear test at
Eniwetox, March 1, 1954, are presented.
In addition to
an external gamma radiation survey, the gross activity
of land plants, marine organisms and birds, soils, and
water was measured.
The results of radiochemicil analyses
of various biological materials ere given, ana studies
of internal contamination of anizals, residual activity
in the Pacific Ocean, and medical status of the Rongelapese
are cdescrined.
7