JFFICIAL USE ONL”
Mr. G. Dix, of the Division of Space Nuclear Systems, discussed past
and projected requirements for nuclear devices in connection with the space
program.
To date, 324,000 curies of plutonium-238 have been launched in
connection with the space program.
Three of the thirteen devices containing
plutonium-238 were aborted.
About 100,000 curies of plutonium-238 was
involved in these aborted missions,
It is expected that in 1972 approximately
200,000 curies will be launched.
The Division of Biology and Medicine is
actively involved in the safety evaluation of each device.
There is an
additional interface in that the aerial radiological monitoring survey system
developed by the Civil Effects Branch under Mr. Joe Deal is available to
assist in the recovery of sources from aborted missions,
At present there are four plutonium-238 packages on the moon and
three of these are operating at a capacity of 70 watts.
Mr. Dix then discussed
projected launches and the requirements for plutonium-238.
He reviewed the
conceptual design of future spacecraft.
The design for the SNAP devices is
now for containment of the radioactivity rather than for burn-up in the
atmosphere.
He closed by emphasizing the cooperation with DBM and their
dependency on DBM for help with safety problems.
Mr. Robert Catlin, of the Division of Operational Safety, discussed
problem areas with respect to plutonium from the point of view of his Division.
The first area concerned the question of radiation standards with respect to
plutonium.
With the abolishment of the Federal Radiation Council, there is
presently no interface between the AEC and other agencies.
The Environmental
Protection Agency has the responsibility for standards but it will be some
time, apparently, before guidance is provided by EPA.
He identified two areas specifically that make it difficult to establish
standards,
One is that the rate and extent of translocation of plutonium in
the body is poorly understood,
The second is that the environmental pathways
by which plutonium can reach human beings are poorly defined.
Another difficult area for the Division of Operational Safety concerns
the question of cleaning up and releasing to the public
previously contaminated areas.
Such areas are typified by the Bikini Atoll, the area around
the Rocky Flats plant and the Nevada test site. He pointed out that at present
there is a lack of emergency guidelines which specify action levels for certain
levels of plutonium contamination.
In the medical area there is presently an
insufficiently sensitive method for detection of plutonium body burdens in
the human body.
Improved methods of therapy for removal of plutonium would
also be very helpful.
A final point which he considered a problem area was the question of
public acceptance of plutonium as a fuel for energy generation in the future.
Dr. Moseley asked whether the National Council on Radiation Protection
is preparing a report on plutonium.
Mr, Catlin thought that they were.
Dr. Haagen-Smit asked about EPA's relation to the Division of Operational

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