protected from grazing, and possibly from rodents, in order to facilitate
establishment and growth of new seedlings.
If at all possible, grass species which are capable of high grazing intensity

should be encouraged, and even some new or introduced species could be used
(Asay, 1975). The grass, Htlaria jamesti (galleta), an extremely valuable

grazing plant, will be an important grass species to use for reseeding the
area, since it is abundant there under natural conditions (Rhoads, 1974;
Leavitt, 1975).
Galleta seed production is low and poor establishment has

been experienced for seeding operations on rangeland (West et al., 1972);

however, the amplitude of galleta is wide.
The following discussion is quoted.
from West et al. (1972) because of relevance to revegetation work at the TTR.

"Throughout most of its range, especially in the northern portion, galleta

endures some periods of freezing temperatures and snow cover.

At all

northern locations investigated, the mean daily minimum temperatures are

normally below freezing from November through March.
In their report on
studies in the Escalante Desert where galleta is a prominent forage
species, Cook and Hurst (1962) state that about 60% of the annual precipitation is snow.
At the extreme northern end of its range, galleta is
found only on the exposed south-facing slopes (Gibbens and Fisser, 1970)

which indicates that low winter temperatures might be quite important in
limiting its northward distribution.

“At the southern extremes of its range, quite the opposite situation
exists. Pinkney (1969) stated that H. jamesti apparently is better
adapted to cooler environments than the other Ailarta species he studied.

Of the four species investigated (H. jamesit, H. belangert, H. mutica,

and #. rigitda), he found galleta to grow on sites with the lowest monthly
mean temperatures of 12°C and the lowest mean monthly maximum temperatures
22°C,

"From its common occurrence in various desert communities, it is apparent
that galleta can endure arid environments.
According to Knight et al.

(1908) it is ‘distinctively a desert grass.' Several references have
been made in the literature to galleta growing well in areas where the
mean annual precipitation is less than 25 cm (Bleak et al., 1965; Cook
and Hurst, 1962; Bridges, 1941; Hickey and Garcia, 1964; Vallentine,
1961).

At Hanksville, Utah, galleta is abundant in certain plant communi-

ties where the mean annual precipitation is less than 25 cm (Bleak et al.,
1965; Cook and Hurst, 1962), galleta survives and appears to be in good

vigor although the mean annual precipitation is only about 9.4 cm.

Bridges (1941) seeded galleta on the Jornada Plain in New Mexico where
precipitation during the growing season of July 1 to October 31 is under
15 cm and the potential evaporation is about 94 cm.

"Galleta is found in a wide variety of precipitation patterns.

Its

habitat varies from areas where most of the moisture comes during the
winter and summer droughts are common (Bleak et al., 1965; Cook and
Hurst, 1962; Vallentine, 1961) to areas where as much as 60% of the
moisture comes during the growing season (Hickey and Garcia, 1964; Jameson,
1962, 1965; Lotspeich and Everhart, 1962; Vallentine, 1961).
In many of

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