AECD-3446

-94-

LAND VERTEBRATES ENIWETOK

by
Frank G. Lowman

RATS
Rats of the concaler group, Rattus exulans (Peale, 1848), were collected ;
at Eniwetok Atoll on Biijiri and Engebi Islands.

Although this species has the

generic nameas the "Old World"rats, it is probably not congeneric with them,
R, exulans differs from the Norway and Black rats by having a shorter head agg.
body, a difference in the mammaeformula, and different coloration ana texture

of the pelage. R. exulans

differs from the concolor rats of the Malay Archipels

and the Hawaiian rat in having a relatively longertail.

The rats were caught in tin can traps. These were made by mounting . ’
mousetrap in the open end of a tin can and attaching a lid to the trap jaw in such
a manner that the lid springs shut when tripped by the animal.

It is not possible

to greatly alter the sensitivity of this device, and as a result, a greater number

hermit crabs and crickets were caught than rats

oe

The traps were set near the openings of the rat burrows or in the runway
which were usually situated in medium to dense growths of morning glories
(Ipomoea grandiflora) and sandbur (Cenchrus echinatus).

In areas where there ss

were no plants, R. exulans was not found.

The diet of this rat consists mainly of insects and grass seeds. Coconst
meat and pandanus fruit are eaten when available.

breakfast foods were used for bait in the traps.

Oatmeal and "Post Toasties

The use of bacon or other grosses’:

foods for bait was not successful.
The specimenscollected for ashing were quick-frozen in a deep-frees®
unit; others were killed by decapitation and the tissues fixed in Bouin's fixativer
After fixation, the tissues were washed in 50 per cent alcohol and preserved in"
70 per cent alcohol. In preliminary histological examinations of the liver. ste

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