38 may have somedegree of growth retardation, also show evidence of hypofunctioning glandsor glands that are functioning at maximu! ipacity, based on results of thyroid function dies (elevated serum TSH levels or little or no response in '*-I uptake following 3H stimulation). Oneof these (No. 65) had a low serum thyroxine level. The adults with thyroid nodules (Nos. 59 and 64) and two of the children (Nos. 42 and 61) had normal responses to TSH. Several of the studies listed in Table 20 were performed after subtotal thyroid- ectomy (Nos. 17, 21, 69, 2, and 20). The results indicate inadequate function of the thyroid rem- nant, even in Nos. 17, 21, and 69, who had been operated upon in June 1964 and had nothyroxine replacement before September 1965 The serum Figure 27. Thyroid uptake study with ''"I, Rongelap Island. iodoprotein levels (PBI less 7, I) ranged from 1.5 to 2.9 and did notdiffer significantly from values in unexposed Marshallese. Figure 28. Wrist x rays showing marked retardation of skeletal maturation in dwarfed boy with hypothyrodism (right, subject No. 3, chronological age 10%2 yr) compared with younger brother with normalosseous development(left, subject No. 83, chronological age 8%2 yr).