Sererce ae) in adults and 22 nCi in children, about 6 and 11% respectively of the maximuin permissible lifetime body-burden levels for the populationatlarge,i.e., Ye the ICRP valuc.' Analyses of bone samples from several autopsies during the past 20 years ~* ", * <* + - local nuclear testing Program and also from world. wide fallout, and to be concentrated by marine. 2 eer Ife, particularly fish. The estimated body burdens _ for the Marshallese tested (Tabie 43) are higher than those found for Japanese bomb survivors and for others tested, but they are not more than oe gave estimated “Sr body burdens similar to those of the maximum permissible levels for non-occu- ~ obtained from urinalysis (see Figure 57). 17Cs bedy burdens also reached their peak in abou ~~ pationally exposed individuals estimated with the total] body as the critical organ. The values are 1965, at nearly 0.7 wCi (25% of the permissible level for the general population), The body burslightly higher in females than in males, and sig. * dens of the Utirik peaple were considerably below nificantly higher in older persons. >*Fe emits phothese of the Rongelapese. Vable 42 shows that the . tons of very low energy, and, sinceit is incorporated stiinated bone marrow doses of Rengelap people into the hemoglobin of the red cells, ic results ia from internal and external sources (both natural - relatively title irradiation of nucleated cells, Some and riah-made radioactivity) were considerably blood samples from the 1974 surveyare also Deing reduced by 1974, and presenty data also for Cuirik analyzed for +*Fe, ‘ and Tikini.* ‘Vhe coconut crab was banned fram the diet an ‘+ ©. PERSONNEL MONITORING AT BIKINI _ Rongelap because of its bigh level of radioactivity, but about 2 years ago the ban was lifted on the In 1946, before Operation Crossroads, the resisouthern islands ofthe atoll because the radioac- "3, dents were evacuated fromBikini. After stays at tivity had decreased sullicicniy (see Table 40), <¢ Rongerik and at Kwajalein which proved unsatis447 factory, they were relocated on Kili Island in the southern Marshalls, which also proved unsatisfacB. Fe BODY BURDENS IN RONGELAPESE tory. The Eniwetok peuple were relocated at Ujeclang Atoll, to the west, afier their evacuation, In 1971 blood samples from 62 Rongelap resiAfter the 1958 moratorium on atmospheric nudents were analyzed** forFe, and their body burdens were estimated by the method of Beasley clear testing, numerous radiological surveys were et al.52e was known to be present in the Mar. done on Bikini and later on Eniwetok Atoll.}71-174 shall Ishands in fairly high levels as a result of the In 1967 the principal isotopes contributing to the gammaradiation field on Bikini and Eneu Islands *Mir. KR. Fairchild at UNL cak ulated the bone marcow duse Bor tha: 1007 4 alata. “The Fe analyses were carried out by TM. Keasley and BOE. Del atthe Gaisersity of alinglog School of Fisheries, Seullhe, “Table '3 Average Body Burdens of ?"Fein Rongelapess, 197 10 Aue Alales 1-20 tL. 4 wld Va-a54 yy t—trh >t 1-20 2-54 bo-42 455 o4-61 >t Na, of Birnples : ; . : : ' ' Badly burden, pha Out ONS Uol O38 O43 G.48 0.25 U.54 0.435 0.66 0.37 0.06 were FCs, Co, 1255b, and Eu; slight amounts of Py were also found, Considerable variation was acen in the contamination of individualislands comprising the atolls of Bikini and Eniwetok since different tests had been conducted on various ones, The contamination of Rongelap and Uuirik was more uniform, being due largely to fallout from a single detonation, Bravo, In 1968 an ad foe committce reviewed the sur- vey results for Bikini and decided that Eneu and Bikini Islands were safe for hubitation, with cerain mcasures recommended to reduce ex posure (sce Appendix 13). In 1969 about 30 people started work on Bikini Atoll (living on Eneu), and in 1971 several Bikini familics moved back to Bikini Islaid self, which now has about 50 Bikini people plus a few administrators and construction workers, Annual monitoring of personnel has been carried out since 1969. In 1974 radiochemical analvses were done on urine (sce Table 37 and Appendix 12) and other sainples, whole-body gamma spec. troscopy was carried out on personnel living on Meee oy an ee sik tel “ - eeee ey “ee rer 7