Appendix V
Findings of Epidemiological Studies of Cancer in Irradiated Populations
(From J. Shapiro, Radiation Protection, pp. 260-4, Harvard U. Press, Cambridge, MA,
1972)
No of cases
Subject of study
|. Hiroshima and Nagasaki A-bomb
survivors (bomb exploded 1945).
Brill et af., 196281)
2. Hiroshima and Nagasaki A-bomb
survivors (women). Wanebo
et al., 1968 (238)
3.
Hiroshima and Nagasaki A-bomb
survivors exposed prenatally.
Follow-up
time (yr)
5-13
13-21
10
Dose
(R or rads)
0-20
21-80
&1-320
No. of
persons®
85.070
13,184
8.695
Form of
cancer
Observed
in expased
group?
Expected
if nat
—eexposed®
21
6
24
19.1
3.0
2.0
Leukemia
Leukemia
Leukemia
0-9
10-39
40-89
90-199
>200
Unknown
3,082
1,262
857
802
84)
840
Breast
Breast
Breast
Breast
Breast
Breast
cancer
cancer
cancer
cancer
cancer
cancer
3
5
2
5
6
2
7.3
3
2
2
2.3
2.3
Unexposed
2,458
Breast cancer
2
6.1
control
>64 500
person-rads4
1,292
All cancers
1
0.75
Jablon and Kato, 1970 (93)
4. Japanese A-bomb survivors exposed
within 1400 m of detonation (died
1950-1962). Angevine and Jablon,
1964 (95)
5. Children exposed prenatally due to
17
1.215
All cancers,
autopsies
except leukemia
2-12
6]
56.8
10.5
39,166
Leukemia
9
77.000°
All cancers
85
abdominal x-ray to mother (exposed 1945-1956 and died before
end of 1958). Court Brown et
al., 1960 ¢ 239)
6. Children exposed prenatally (born
in 1947-1954 and died before end
of 1960). MacMahon, 1962 (240)
4-13
1-2
7. Infants who received irradiation of
chest before age 6 mo. in treatment for enlarged thymus (treated
1926-1957, follow-up in 1963).
Hempelmann et al., 1967 (160)
13-38
61-600
60
Lower dose Thyroid
group
Thyroid (benign)
2,207
Leukemia
(32,226 perSon yr at
risk)!
4
6
3
0.07
80
a)
Higher dose Thyroid
group:
Thyroid (benign)
498
Leukemia
(11.485 person yr at
14
15
3
.06
.60
57
G
0
0.03
0.95
risk}
8. Infants irradiated routinely with
X-rays to anterior mediastinum
through small (4 X 4 cm) port, 7
10-20
75-450
mostly 150
1 40L,
including 244
days after birth, as “apparently
with en-
harmtess and perhaps beneficial
procedure” (x-ray 1938-46, fol-
larged
thymus
Thyroid carcinoma
Leukemia
low-up 1956-58). Conti et al.,
1960 (146) .
9. Children treated with x-rays to
head, neck, or chest for various
>I
<50 (4%)
(83%)
50-200 (36%)
benign conditions, mainly ‘‘en-
Upto 23
Not given
x-rays for enlarged thymus,
pertussis, and head and neck
diseases; and died before age
23 (treated 1930-1956; fallow-
up 1940-1956). Murray et
al.. 1959 (241)
cc
vv
oe
uuu
“a?
Thyroid
Thyroid (benign)
3,872
Leukemia
Vt
?
0
0
200-600 (33%)
larged"’ thymus and adenitis,
treated before age 16 and followed till age 23. Saenger et
al., 1960 (202)
10. Children treated before age 16 with
1,644
- 134 -
?
1.4