AND THERAPEUTIC IMPLICATIONS vert Fliedner, 1T.M.; Cronkite, E.P.; Bond, V.P. Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, N.Y. Publication Date: 1962 34 p. Primary Report No.: BNL-6018 Journal Announcement: NSA17 Document Type: Report Language: English Contract No.: AT-30-2-GEN-16 The hematological data of patients of 4 radiation accidents, Rongelap 1954, Oak Ridge 1958, Vinca 1958, and Lockport 1960, are reviewed and compared. The blood cell curves appear to show three phases. An initial phase at about 8 to 10 days, a phase of transient or abortive regenerations, and a phase of final effective recovery were demonstrated. These phases in the blood are preceded and caused by particular events in the bone marrow. Evidence was brought forward that transient rises in leukocytes and reticulocytes associated with a delayed platelet disappearance curve are associated with a marrow capable of spontaneous recovery. In patients with inhomogenous total--body irradiation, the transient rise may iead directly to effective recovery. Immediate decline of all blood cell elements without evidence of further, even abortive attempts of marrow regeneration must be considered as evidence for a iethal bone marrow dose and extremeiy serious complications may be expected. The clinical implications of these analyses are outlined and the diagnostic possibilities described. (auth) Descriptors: ACCIDENTS; BLOOD CELLS; BLOOD FORMATION; BONE MARROW; DIAGNOSIS; LETHAL DOSE; LEUCOCYTES; MAN; MEDICINE; PERSONNEL; PLATELETS; QUANTITY RATIO; RADIATION INJURIES; RECOVERY; REGENERATION Subject Codes (NSA): BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 10/5/144 (Item 144 from file: 109) 216404 NSA-17-006350 STATEMENT ON THE HAZARDS OF RADIOACTIVE FALLOUT Farr, L.E. Pediatrics (U.8.) v 29. Publication Date: May 1962 Coden: PEDIA 845-7 p. Note: 0031-4005 Journal Announcement: NSA17 Document Type: Journal Article Language: English In a meeting on January 22 and 23, 1962 the Committee on Environmental Hazards considered the problems posed for pediatricians by fallout by radioactive materials on the United States. It reviewed data on the duration, amounts, and hazards of radioactive I/sup 131/ and Sr/sup 90/ in fallout, data and reports of new processes for removal of Sr/sup 90/ from milk, as well as reports on long-term studies of Japanese survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and people of the Marshall Islands who were exposed to fallout from nuclear weapons testing. It concluded that the present Sr/sup 90/ content of milk is less than that which is capable of inducing recognizable deleterious effects in infant, child, or adult during average lifetimes. Laboratory methods for the removal of Sr/sup 90/ from milk are now being tested, and if it becomes necessary, these can probably be OS developed through pilot stages to commercially applicable procedures. About_o 80% of Sr/sup 90/ ingested will be immediately excreted so that the body Mm burden increases more slowly than does the environmental contamination. cow thus eliminates 80% of environmental Sr from its milk. The present The cD level of I/sup 131/ in foods, liquids, and atmosphere is also well below in the levels at which alerting of the population is required by governmental standards, which are very conservative. Blocking doses of stable I are not at this time necessary. Prophylactic administration of carrier I as a blocking agent presents the probability of developing iodism in large numbers of children by well-intentioned but uniformed practitioners. Should I/sup 131/ or Sr/sup 90/ in the environmental significantly increase, those agencies charged with protection of the population will inform these groups responsible for the development of appropriate recommendations and