“ . ~ —_— a a “ _ Marshall Island Group (radiation dose-gamma) Age at Exposure Rongelap (175 rads In-utero Rongelap (on Ailingne In-uks5° gamma exposure) Island -69 rads gamma ®xposure) Utirik” (14 rads gamma exposure) 175 + ? - 588 tT Zo >16 all <10 >10 <10 >10 <LO > all 131, 132, 133, 135 I Thyroid Thyroid 1 dose-rads 675 - 1440 335 - 675 335 - all Likiep unexposed (1970) Estimated <10 11-16 >16 all all Rongelap unexposed Loose from i , \ THYROID LeSIONS IN MARSHALLESE EXPOSED TO FALLOUT (AS OF MAY, 1974) 9 Lesions Percent 33.3 (1/3) 89.5 12.5 8.1 32.8 (17/19) (1/8) (3/37) (21/64) 33.3 ae 132 16.6 - (2/ } 22.2 (4/18) 40,- 80 0.0 (0/53) 22 - - - - 4 0.6 (1/157) 1.6 (1/61) 0 3.6 (7/194) 2 4.7 (5/106) - 3 : 3.2 (5/157) 0.0 (0/31) - 1 2 5.3 (1/19) 5.4 (2/37) 4.7 (3/64) - 4.5 (6/133) - 15 1 3 17 Lesions Percent 0 5.8 (6/104) - Malignant Thyroid Surgery 3.6 (5/137) 4 2 0 0 0 1.0 (1/104) - - - - - plus gamma dose, 2nased on number of original people exposed. In parentheses number of cases/total number in group. 3the thyroid is considered fully developed by age 16. 4 . . . Difference of opinion as to whether or not one lesion was malignant. was that it was benign. woe eos Majority opinion >The more energetic shorter-lived isotopes of iodine contributed less to the total thyroid dose in the Utirik people due to later fallout. One might surmise also that the biological effectiveness of the thyroid dose per rad would be less in that group. Crifteen children 10-17 years of age at exposure in this group received estimated thyroid doses between 22 and 40 rads. tn addition to thyroid lesions, one case of acute myelogenous leukemia was discovered in September 1972 in a 19-year-old Rongelap boy who had received 175 rad gamma radiation at one year of age. He died November, 1972. DOE ARCHIVES i")