238

LOWDER, BECK, AND CONDON

factor.’ Note that this dose-rate estimate agrees closely with the pres-

sure-chamber prediction in almost all cases. The column labeled “1”

under the “Fallout gamma” heading gives the sums of the ®Zr—®*Nb,
106Rh, and *’Cs dose rates as estimated from the spectrum absorption
peaks. The column labeled “2” gives the differences between the best
value of the total gamma doSe rate and the sum of the natural-gamma
dose-rate components. The agreement of these two fallout estimates

over this wide range of natural, fallout, and cosmic dose-rate levels is

typical of almost all our data. These results imply that the fallout emitters considered in our analyses do contribute the bulk of the fallout
dose rate and also indicate the general validity of our component doserate estimates. The North Conway, N. H., measurements show that our
estimates are reproducible within the limits imposed by actual time
variations in the natural-gamma-radiation field due to such causes as

natural fallout, soil-moisture changes, and ?”*Rn migration.

Further evidence of the accuracy of our natural-component dose-

rate estimates is provided in Figs. 3 and 4. Figure 3 shows mean soil

concentrations of ‘°K obtained by spectrometric analysis of soil sam-

ples carried out at several laboratories plotted against the HASL doserate estimates. The curve is the theoretical conversion from percent
potassium to dose rate, assuming uniform soil distribution. The soil
concentrations are given in terms of percent of potassium per gram of
dry soil, whereas our dose-rate estimates are for in situ material.
Thus, since most soils contain some moisture, the points should be
expected to fall slightly above the line on the average, Furthermore,
since only one or two soil samples were taken at each site, these de3

T

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T

T
°
oo

°

—

2
x

oO

x

°

Te

oe

e

2

°o

4

fe}

°o

0

0

L

1

|

|

2

3

|

4

—

5

pR/ HR

Fig. 3——Potassium soil content determined by soil-sample analysis vs.
HASL “K dose-rate estimate.
, the theoretical conversion from
bercent potassium to microroentgens per hour.

Select target paragraph3