126

LOCKHART, PATTERSON, AND SAUNDERS

the coefficient matrix of the terms in the system of four simultaneous
linear equations. The criteria used were that the filter retentivities or

coefficients derived be reasonably close to the filter calibration data
and, in addition, permit real solutions to some 40-odd filter collec-

tions. A tentative solution has been formulated as follows, where the
terms correspond to those of the previous set of equations:

A, = 95.00 x, + 30.00 x, + 10.00 x; + 2.00 x,
A, = 4.75 x, + 21.00 x, + 9,00 x; + 1.96 x,
Az = 0.25 x, + 48.80 x. + 77.80 x3 + 38.00 x,
A, = 0.00 x; + 0.20 x, + 3.20 x, + 58.04 x,
Particle-size distributions derived for some of the four-filter
collections are shown in Table 2. The sizes listed are really particleTable 2— PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS DETERMINED FROM SOME FOURFILTER-PACK COLLECTIONS OF RADIOACTIVE FISSION PRODUCTS
Total

Callection
dates

activity,
counts/min

1963
Jan. 18 to 21
Mar. 1 to 4
Apr. 19 to 22
Oct. 18 to 21
Oct. 25 to 28
Nov. 1 to 4

679.9
1423.9
3098.8
380.3
173.7
143 9

1964
Mar. 20 to 23

274,2

Apr. 7 to 10

273.0

Mar. 24 to 27
Apr. 3to7

311.3
456.6

we
Activity

Activity contribution of
maim
ci
Cc

on initial
filter,

varlous size groups,
lip
O6p
O.3y
O.45p

31.3
33.6
27.68
46.0
38.7
34.8

45.3
25,4
21.1
34.8
25.8
17.8

16.0
11.6
2.7
31.9
35,2
49.6

45.4 +0.4

30.1

30,1

33.38 40.3

18.4

+ 0.5*
20,2
+ 0.1
40.3
+ 0.4
+ 0.4

42.6 +0.3
39.0+0.2

32.4
24.1

26.2
43.4
38.5

34.2
38,4
67.2
33.1
36.0
29.3
18.0

39,0
30.6

42.3

4.5
4.5
9,0
0.2
3.6
3.2
1.8

2.4
1.9
0.8

Weather
eee

Cloud
cover, %
100
30
40
30
80
30
RO

60
80

60

Rainfall,
in.
0.42
0.04
Trace
0.0
Trace
0.71
1.05

0.01
0.76

0.64

*Standard deviation, 0, based on counting statistics.

Size distributions of unknown form centered about the indicated particle size. If it can be assumed that the equations adequately define the
filter system under the operating conditions given in the table or that

the filters and their calibration can be accepted as a standard, measurements made at other times and perhaps under other conditions can
be interpreted in terms of the standards. Moreover, simultaneous pack

collections, wherein one pack is a duplicate run of the standard that

serves to characterize the radioactivity distribution during that particular sampling period, can be employed to define the filtration characteristics of an unknownfilter.

The

size

distributions shown in Table 2, calculated from the

four-equation set, again demonstrate that there have been large random

changes in size distribution with time, as well as a progressive decrease in size which occurred immediately after cessation of atmo-

Select target paragraph3